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CHRONOLOGY 



OP 



NOPiTH CAROLINA, 



SHOWING WHEN THE MOST REMARKABLE EVENTS CONNECTED WITH HER 

HISTORY TOOK PLACE, FROM THE YEAR 1584 TO THE PRESENT TIMI?:, 

WITH EXPLANATORY NOTES. 



^ 



BY D. K. BENNETT 



"Time flies, and from his gloomy wings 
A shadow falls on living things.". 




NEW YORK: 
rUBLISIIED BY J AMES M. E DN E Y 

1858. 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S55, by 

D. K. BENNETT, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the District of Cape 

Fear, iu North Carolina. 



W. H. TiNsoN, Stereotyper mid Printer, 

Rear of 43 & 45 Centre St., N. Y. 



P E E F A C E . 



The necessity, and even the utility, of a work like 
the following, is obvious to every thinking mind. It is a 
notorious fact, that of the myriads of books that are 
yearly being written and published in every department 
of literature, a large majority are sadly deficient in 
chronological information, from which cause many of 
our modern w^riters have labored under great and per- 
plexing inconveniencies, being compelled to gather 
from numerous, and too often unauthentic sources that 
which might have been easily compressed in a small 
volume. 

The design of the compiler of the following work 
was to prepare at least a useful little book of reference, 
for those engaged in the study or otherwise interested 
ill the history of the " Old North State ;" how well he 
has succeeded is for the public to judge. From the haste 
in which it has been prepared, and some other causes, 
it is doubtless very incomplete ; but the compiler will 
still continue to gather material, and should another 



IV PREFACE. 

« 

edition be called for, it will be his greatest pleasure to 
add to it every possible improvement. ' 

And now that, with all its imperfections, it is about to 
launch forth upon the uncertain sea of public favor, 
the author has this confidence in his fellow-citizens, 
that they will study to improve, rather than to condemn 
his production. 

If however there are any disposed to criticise, they 
are respectfully referred to the following lines from 
Pope : 

"Whoever thinks a faultless piece to see, 
Thinks what ne'er was, nor is, nor e'er shall be. 
In every work regard the writer's end. 
Since none can compass more than they intend ; 
And if the means be just, the conduct true, 
Applause, in spite of trivial faults, is due." 

The Author. 



CHRONOLOGY 



OF 



NORTH CAEOLINA 



-4^ 



1584. 

Amidas and Baklow sail for America, . . April 27tli. 
" " arrive in JST. Carolina, July 4:tli. 

" The Kortli Carolinians are indebted, for tlie discov- 
ery and first effort to colonize their State, to the zeal 
and enterprise of Sir "Walter Raleigh, one of the leading 
statesmen, and the most accomplished gentleman of his 
day. Endowed Avith a daring and fertile genius, and 
an ambition that looked beyond the intrigues of Euro- 
pean courts, Raleigh made himself familiar with the 
accounts of navigators and adventurers who had visited 
the shores of this Western World ; and to plant a colony 
and build up a great State became, with him, a darling 
object. To carry out his designs, ho obtained from 
Queen Elizabeth (March, 1584) a grant for such lands 
as he should discover, not in the possession of any 
Christian prince or people. 

" This grant contained important powers and privi- 
leges, and provided that no other should take posses- 



6 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

sion of any place within two hundred leagues of settle- 
ments which he might make within six years. He at 
once fitted out two vessels, nnder the command of 
Philip Amidas and Arthur Barlow ; and on the 27th of 
April, full of hope, they sailed in search of nndiscovered 
lands. 

" Pursuing a southwesterly route, they touched at 
the Canary Islands ; and sailing thence northward, they 
soon got soundings in a region where the air of early 
summer was laden with the aroma of flowers and fra- 
grant shrubs. These balni}^ breezes came from the 
shores of North Carolina ; and after ranging the coast 
for one hundred and twenty miles, the . adventurers 
entered, on the 4th of July, 1584, the first haven which 
ofl:ered, devoutly returned thanks to God for their safe 
arrival, and, in the name of the Queen of England, took 
possession of the country." — iT. O. Reader. 

1603. 

Queen Elizabeth died .... Mar. 24th. 

1618. 

Raleigh beheaded Oct. 29th. 

" Sir Walter Paleigh, who was frequently distin- 
guished by the title of the noble and valorous knight, 
and whose works have placed him in an important rank 
in the history of English literature, was doomed to pass 
the best period of his life in captivity. The reign of 
James I. may be praised for its pacific character ; but 
as long as the name of Raleigh shall be remembered, 
will tliat reign be stained with one of the foulest crimes 
a monarch could commit. 



CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. ♦- 

" Almost immediately after tlic accession of James, 
in 1603, Ilalcigli was imprisoned on a charge of treason, 
tried at Winchester in l^ovember of the same year, and 
condemned to die. lie Avas, however, reprieved and 
confined a close prisoner in the Tower, where he re- 
inained for npwards of fourteen years. During his 
confinement, he devoted a great part of his time to his 
studies, and the productions of his pen at this time were 
so numerous, that he rather resembled a collegian than 
a captive — a student in a library, than a prisoner in the 
Tower. His principal work, the History of the World, 
was written and published during his confinement. 
He was at length released from the Tower in March, 
1615, had the king's commission for a voyage to Guiana, 
which he made in 1617, but being unsuccessful, the old 
sentence was revived against him on his return home, 
and he was sent to the scafi:bld, to the eternal disgrace 
of the pusillanimous monarch, whose conduct in this 
affair gained him the indignation of his contemporaries 
and of posterity." 

1663. 

Charter of the State of Xorth Carolina 

granted by Charles II Mar. Sith. 

First permanent settlement made in the 

State in April. 

William Dkummond, first Governor of 

North Carolina, appointed in . . . September. 

1672. 

George Fox visits North Carolina. 

^[r. Fox was the founder of that respectable sect de- 
nominated Quakers or Friends. 



CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



John Jenkins appointed Governor in . June. 

1681. 

George Fox, founder of the Quakers, died Jan. 13th. 
Henry Wilkinson appointed Governor. 

1683. 

Setii Sothel appointed Governor. 

" The character of Sothel presented every vice that 
could degrade man or disgrace his nature. During the 
six years that he misruled the people of North Carolina, 
the dark shades of his character were not relieved by a 
single ray of virtue." 

1693. 

Philip Ludwell, Governor. 

1704. 

Tar first made in the State. 

Henderson Walker died .... April 14:th. 

About five miles below Edenton, just a hundred 
yards from Albemarle Sound, may be seen beneath the 
spreading branches of a large cedar, the grave of Hen- 
derson Walker. The following is from his tombstone : 

" Here lyes y^ body of 
HENDEESON WALKEE, ESQ., 

President of the Council and Commander-in-Chief of 
Nortli Carolina, during whose Administration the pro- 
vince enjoyed that tranquillity which it is to be wished 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 9 

it may never want. lie departed tliis life 14 -April, 
1704, aged 44 years." 

On tlie north side of this tomb is the following : 

." Lyes y^ body of 
GEORGE LILLINGTON, 

Son of Major Alexander Lillington, who died in 
y' 15 year of his age. Anno, 1706." 

On the other side is this inscription ; 

" Here lyes y" body of 

MADAM ANK MOSELY, 

Wife of Edward Mosely, Esq. 

She was y^ daughter of Maj. Alexander Lilling- 
ton, Esq., and y- widow of the Hon. Henderson 
Walker, Esq., late President of His Majesty's Council 
of IS'orth Carolina. She departed this life Nov. the 
18th, A.D. 1712, aged 55 years and 5 months." 

1705. 

First Church erected in the State. ;; 

1709. 

Newberne laid out. 

1711. 

Massacre of the whites by the Indians . Sept. lit 

1712. 

Gov. Hyde died of yellow fever . . Sept. 8th. 
Madam Ann Mosely died . . . Kov. 18th. 

1* 



10 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

1713. 

Charles Eden appointed Governor . . July Idth. 

1716. 

Penelope Eden died . . •. . Jan. 4:tli. 

1722. 

Gov. Charles Eden died .... March 17th. 
Succeeded by Thomas Pollock . . . March SOth- 
Thomas Pollock died .... Ans;. 30th. 
Bertie County formed 

On Sahnon Creek, in Bertie Count}^, is a monument 
to the memory of Charles and Penelope Eden. The 
following is the inscription : 

'' Here lyes y^ body of 

CHAELES EDEN, ESQ., 

"Who governed this Province Eight years, to y^ great 
satisfaction of the Lord's Proprietors, and y^ ease and 
happiness of y^ people, he brought the Country into a 
flourishing condition, and died much lamented March y^ 
26. 1722. etatis 49. 

" And near this place lyes also y^ body of Penelope 
Eden, his virtuous consort, who died Jan 4:th 1716. Etatis 
39. Yivit post fan era. Ille quern virtus non marmor 
in eternum sacrat." 

1723. 

Elisha Battle died Jan. 9th. 

1724. 

George Burrington appointed Governor . Jan. loth. 



CURONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 11 

1725. 

Sir Eichard Everiiard appointed Govern- 
or J:y ITtli. 

David Caldwell ^ v>rn .... Marcli 22d. 

Boundary line between Virginia and N^. C. 
established. 

1729. 

PiCTiARD CasweLj born .... Ang. 3d. 

Last Legislature of E". C. under the author- 
ity of the Lords' Proprietaries, convened 
at Edenton ITov. 27th. 

Ten thousand inhabitants in tlie State. 

Currituck County formed. 

Charter of Charles 11. surrendered. 

1731. 

George Burrington re-appointed Governor Feb. 25th. 

1733. 

Benjamin Lincoln born .... Jan. 23d. 
Edgecombe County formed. 

1734. 

Bladen and Onslow Counties formed. 

Nathaniel Hice made Governor . . Apr. 17th. 

Gabriel Jodnston made Governor . . Nov. 

1735. 

Richard IEenderson born . . . Apr. 20tb. 

Dr. Hugh Williamson bom . . . Dec. 5th. 



/ 



12 CHEONOLOGY OF NOBTH CAROLINA. 

1741. 

John Penn born . . „ . . May 17tb. 
Beaufort and !N^orthampton Counties formed. 

. 1742. 
William Hooper born .... June 17tb. 
William Sharp born .... Dec. 13tb. 

1743. 

Wbitmel Hill bom ..... Feb. 12tli. 

1744. 

Fort Johnston erected at the mouth of the 
Cape Fear River, 

1746. 

Granville and Johnston Counties formed. 

1749. 

Forty-five thousand inhabitants in the 
State. 

Anson and Duplin Counties formed. 

Beacon Island, near Ocracoke Inlet, de- 
stroyed by a storm. 

First printing press in the State imported 
this year from Virginia by James Davis, 
State printer. 

Col. Wheeler says: "France having declared war 
against England (1744), the defenceless seaboard of 
North Carolina received the attention of the Legisla- 
ture." 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 13 

"A fort was ordered to be built, sufficient to mount 
twenty-four pieces of cannon, on the south bank of Cape 
Fear, by the Legislature, which met at Newberne about 
17tl:5, and was called, in honor of the governor, Fort 
Johnston." 

Wiley, in the ^'ISTorth Carolina Eeader," says: "In 
1747 the Legislature made provision for the completion 
of Fort Johnston, at the mouth of the Cape Fear 
Kiver." 

From these two statements, which are, I presume, 
both correct, we must infer that Fort Johnston was 
erected by the British some time between 1740 and 1750. 

When the royal rule of England terminated in North 
Carolina, April, 1775, Josiah Martin, the last of the 
royal governors, took refuge in Fort Johnston, where he 
remained until the 12th day of July following, when, 
says one writer,* " Fort Johnston was burned by the 
militia, under the command of Col. John Ashe." And 
another writerf speaks of " the sacking or burning of 
Fort Johnston." Be that as it may, I suppose Col. 
Ashe used about the same means to dislodge Martin that 
a prudent farmer would to rid his premises of a mis- 
chievous fox that had taken refuge in a brush-heap near 
his poultry-yard. J 

One thing, however, is certain : if Fort Johnston was 
burned at all, it was only partial ; or else it was rebuilt 
very soon afterwards. 

The fort is still standing, having been enlarged and 

* Hon. David L. Swain. 

f Jo. Scawell Jones, 

X After Governor Martin was driven from Fort Jolinston, lie took 
refuge on board the "Cruiser" sloop-of-war, where he remained nearly 
a year, thundering forth his political anathemas against the people of 
North Carolina. lie left for Charleston, S. C, about the 1st June, 177(5. 



14 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

improved by tlie United States since the Kevolution. 
It is now surrounded (except on the water side) by the 
little town of Smithville, and is, in the summer season, 
" all alive with beauty and fashion," being the place of 
resort of persons of wealth and refinement from Wil- 
mington and other places, for health and pleasure. 
Some of the old buildings, erected perhaps before 1750, 
are yet to be seen. They strike the beholder with deep 
thought as he gazes upon their time-worn walls, and 
thinks of the stirring scenes they have witnessed. Fort 
Johnston is the Mecca of E'orth Carolina, which every 
citizen should visit at least once in his life. 

At the session of 1747, four commissioners were 
appointed to revise, codify, and print the laws then in 
use. The commissioners were Chief Justice Hall, Ed" 
ward Mosely, Samuel Swann, and Thomas Baker. This 
revisal, the first ever made in the State, was reported to 
the Legislature in 1749, by Samuel Swann, was exam- 
ined, approved, and finally printed at ISTewberne by 
James Davis, State printer, in 1752, w^ho had, in 1749, 
imported from Virginia the first printing press seen in 
!N~orth Carolina. The work was handsomely printed 
and bound, in a small folio volume, and, from the yel- 
lowish hue of the leather with which it was bound, was 
called yellow-jacket, a name by which it was long fami- 
liarl}^ known, and which it still retains. What a con- 
trast between the ponderous volumes of jSTorth Carolina 
laws now in use, and the little yellow jacket of a cen- 
tury ago ! 

1750. 

James Iredell born .... Oct. 5th. 
Isaac Shelby born Dec. 11th. 



OnRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 15 

Isacac Shelby filled many liio;li and responsible offices, 
at the hands of both the Executive and the pcox)le, 
chiefly militaiy. He was one of those fearless and 
daring spirits which tyrants dreaded. 

1751. 

Gen. William Lenoir born . . . May 20t]i. 
Orange County formed. 

1752. 

First law book printed in JSTorth Carolina. 

Gov. Gabriel Johnston died . . . Aug. 

Gov. Johnston had presided over the province for 
nearly twenty years. lie died universally lamented. 
'' The patriotic and public spirited county of Johnston," 
and tlie fort at the mouth of the Cape Fear Eiver, are 
both so called in honor to his memory. 

1753. 

Uuitas Fratrum arrive. 
Ilowan County formed. 

1754. 

Mattuew Row an made Governor . . Feb. 1st. 

CoU Benjamin Hawkins born . . . Aug. 15th. 

Arthur Dobbs made Governor . . " in the fall." 
Cumberland County formed. 

Gen. Banastre Tarleton born . . . Aug. 21st. 

1755. 

Alfred Moore, Sen., born . . . May 21st. 

[Note. — Jamks Davis printed the "Carolina Gazette," at Newbcrnc, 
the first paper in the State. — Fubllshcr.] 



16 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Mr. Moore was one of those wlio early threw into the 
doubtful balance " their lives, their fortunes and their 
sacred honor." 

He was a]3pointed a captain in the 1st Regiment of 
North Carolina Continental troops, and with his com- 
pany was present at the memorable attack on Fort 
Moultrie, in South Carolina. He afterwards raised a 
troop of volunteers, with which he diligently watched 
and greatly annoyed the British commander (Major 
Craig) at Wilmington. 

The General Assembly elected him in 1790, Attorney- 
General. In 1798, he was called to the bench ; and in 
1799, was appointed by the President of the United 
States an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
United States ; he continued in this important and re- 
sponsible office for six years, when he resigned on ac- 
count of ill health, which gradually wasted him away, 
when with a consciousness of a well spent and useful 
life, and in the hope of a joyful immortality, he died on 
the 15th October, 1810, at the house of Major Waddell, 
in Bladen County, in the arms of his afflicted family. 

His life and services, consecrated as they were to the 
cause of liberty and the best welfare of his country, will 
ever render dear to every ISTorth Carolinian the name 
of Moore. 

Bev. Humphrey Hunter born . . . May 14th. 

From a manuscript on file in the Executive office at 
Baleigh, we learn that Mr. Hunter was born in the 
vicinity of Londonderry, Ireland ; he was a distinguished 
soldier of the Bevolution, and afterwards an eminent 
minister of the gospel. The record on his headstone in 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTU CAROLINA. 17 

Steele Creek grave yard, will better illustrate his char- 
acter than anything I could write : 

"SACRED 
TO THE MEMORY OF 

KEYEEEND HUMPPIEEY HUNTER, 

Who departed this life August 21st, 1S2T, in the 73d 
year of his age." 

" He was a native of Ireland, and emigrated to America 
at an early period of his life. He was one of those who 
early promoted the cause of freedom in Mecklenburg 
County (May 20th, 1775), and subsequently bore an 
active part in securing the independence of his country. 
For nearly thirty-eight years he labored as a faithful 
and assiduous ambassador of Christ, strenuously enforc- 
ing the necessity of repentance, and pointing out the 
terms of salvation. As a parent, lie was kind and affec- 
tionate ; as a friend, warm and sincere ; and as a min- 
ister, persuasive and convincing." 

1756. 

Major Pleasant Henderson born . . Jan. 9th. 
Hon. Samuel Lowrie born . . . May 12th. 

William E. Davie born . . . June 20th. 

1767. 

Nathaniel Macon born. 

1758. 

Col. Joseph McDo-\vell born . . . Feb. 25th. 
Halifax County formed. 



18 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

1760. 

George III. began to reign . . . Oct. 25tli. 
Pitt County formed. 

1761. 

ISTew Inlet to the Cape Fear River for;Tiecl . 

by a violent storm .... Sept. 23d. 

George III. proclaimed king at the town of 

Brunswick ...... Oct. 6th. 

The site of the old town of Brunswick may be still 
seen on the Cape Fear Eiver, in the present county of 
Brunswick ; several monuments of its former celebrity 
are still standing. It was from the council chamber at 
this place that William Tryon thundered forth his arbi- 
trary mandates against the Regulators. It was also 
here that the first stamped paper sent from England 
for the use of the colony was attempted to have been 
landed, which was so gallantly resisted by the brave 
"Whigs of the neighborhood. 

Its name is associated with deeds of daring adventure 
and bravery. The town was finally deserted for the 
more commodious site where Wilmington now stands. 

1762. 

Dr. Charles Harris born . . . 'Nov. 23d. 
Mecklenburg County formed. 

1764. 

Second newspaper ever published in North 
Carolina, called " The Cape Fear Gazette 
and Wilmington Advertiser," by Andrew 
Stewart, printer to the King . . . June 1st. 



CUKONOLOGY OF NOIITII CAROLINA. 19 

Gen. John Steele born .... I:^ov. 1st. 
Brunswick county formed. 

1765. 

Gov. DoBBS died March 28tli. 

William Tkyon made governor . . April 3d. 
Gov. Tkyon first met tlie Assembly in tlie 

town of AYilminirton .... Mav 3d. 

1166. 

lion. Fkancis Locke born . . . Oct. 31st. 

BUNCOMBE MEN. 

"\YiLLiA]^[ Mills emigrated, to the " block house" on 
the Catawba, and thence to Green River, now Huther- 
ford County, in 1766. lie was of English descent, and 
was born on James' liiver, Ya., tlie 10th of ITovember, 
1746. At an early age he married Miss Eleanor Morris, 
of South Carolina, and together they journeyed happily 
through life for sixty-nine years. They were surrounded 
by Indians several times, and twice driven from their 
homes, having their houses and all their contents pillaged 
and burned. At one time he returned home from hunt- 
ing, and found his house robbed, his wife gone, and every- 
thing laid desolate, which set him perfectly wild ; he 
commenced moaning and tearing out his hair, when, like 
an angel, his wife suddenly appeared unharmed. As 
the Indians entered the house she crept out at a small 
window in the garret, and down the chimney, making 
her escape to a swamp near by wdiere she lay concealed 
till she heard her husband's voice. At another time 
she escaped in a similar way, and when a whole troop 
of Indians were ripping up feather beds and yelling over 



20 . CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

tlieir*plunder slie raised a sliout solitary and alone in a 
swamp near the house — " Hurra for King George and 
his army^'' with such rapidity and vehemence, that the 
whole horde of savages took to their heels, and she 
gained a bloodless victory, and saved most of her 
property. She was not only bold, but a most exemplary 
woman and Christian, having been a member of the 
Methodist Church for over fifty years previous to her 
death, which occurred in the spring of 1833, at the age 
of ninety-four years, beloved and lamented by all who 
knew her. 

"Wm. Mills was small in stature but compact, sinewy 
and " hardy ^^ always wore " moccasins^'' wool hats, and 
rode bare-backed horses, never having owned but one 
saddle. He was fond of the largest horses, was an un- 
erring rifleman, and a sober, industrious citizen. He 
fought bravely at " Colopens^^"^ and there received two bul- 
let wounds and one from a sword, which marked him dis- 
tinctly to his grave ; he fought also at " Ninety-Six." 
Being one of the first adventurers and settlers in the 
western part of the State, its history grew up under his 
eye. Mills' Gap, the first wagon road across the Blue 
Ridge, took its name from him, as also Mills' River, one 
of the most beautiful streams of j)ure clear water in the 
world ; this river is in Henderson, formerly '^ Biincoiiibe^'^ 
which in those days was a great State^ including Hay- 
wood, Henderson, Yancy, Madison, a part of Burke and 
Rutherford, and what is still " old Bunconibe^'' being 
then about 60 miles wide and 160 in length! The 
children of Mr. and Mrs. Mills were two sons and five 
daughters. John Mills married, moved and settled on 
White Oak, Rutherford County, where he accumulated 
a fortune and died, leaving a good name and a promising 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTII CAROLINA. 21 

family. Marville Mills mamed and settled on Mills' 
Gap road, Rutherford County, made a handsome pro- 
perty, raised a large family, and died at a good old age, 
honored and beloved. Phalby married David Myers, 
who lived some years in Buncombe, then moved to 
Richland District, South Carolina, where he amassed a 
very large fortune, raised a large family, and was killed 
by Col. Ellmore, (I believe), in his old age, in a most 
cowardly manner, by shooting him in the back with a 
shot-gun, without due notice ! Ellmore, by his great 
wealth, escaped the gallows. Morning married Overton 
Lewis ; Sarah married Asa Edney ; Eleanor, Rev. 
Samuel Edney ; these three all settled on Clear Creek, 
near their father, raised large families, lived and died 
respected and lamented. Elizabeth married George 
Jones, who settled on White Oak, Rutherford County, 
but afterwards moved to Spartansburg, C. H., S. C, 
where he remained a number of years, then returned to 
his farm where he died ; he raised and educated a large 
family, and made a handsome fortune. The daughters 
all attached themselves to the Methodist church in 
their early days, and lived and died, four of them, in the 
faith of the gospel, having each spent an average of fifty 
years in the church ! Mrs. Jones is the only one of the 
family living at this time, 1858. Mr. Mills, at the death 
of his wife, when he walked out by a spring near the 
grave, remarked, with tears streaming o'er his furrowed 
cheeks, " I and Nelly drank upon our knees at that 
spring fifty-five years ago, when there was no white 
man's foot in the country." lie was proverbial for his 
benevolence and kind advice to all his children and 
neighbors, and almost daily, for an age, rode round to 
Bce the three children that lived ijcar him. At his 



22 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

death he had 89 grandchildren. His orchards were 
common property for all, and cTery year of his life he 
set out at least 100 of the most choice trees, particularly 
peaches and cherries. On Saturdays " an army" might 
always (in fruit season) be seen, mostly children of the 
neighborhood, filling their baskets, pails and cans, with 
the contents of the orchards. The only charge ever 
made was ^' clonH hrecck tny trees. '^'' 

Once his house was beset by- Indians in the night ; 
he was absent, and his family escaped and fled to a hill 
or brushwood near by ; on reaching it, the mother missed 
" Marville," then about seven or eight years of age ; he 
had crawled under the bed. The savages entered the 
house, and among them was the most noted Indian in 
all that region, known as " CluV or '•^ Big Foot^'' from 
the fact of his having not only an enormous body but 
an enormous ^^footP which " raade its mark'''' wherever 
he went. Some stood at the door — " Club-foof^ went in 
first, and went to the hearth, where there were a few 
chunks or flickering embers ; he got on his knees and 
commenced '' blowing up the fire ;" at this, " Marville," 
in his boyish innocence, and through fear of being seen, 
bethought him of the "-pail of water'''' (which then 
bestudded every " log palace"), and instantly made for it, 
seized, and right over " Big Foofs'^ head he emj)tied 
its contents into the fire-place, extinguishing every spark 
of fire, to the amazement of '^ Big Foot j"" and to his 
amazement, the next thing he knew, he struck the other 
end of the wall about eight feet from the floor and 
eighteen from the fire-place ! " Big Foof^ having seized 
him, and with one hand dashed him against the other 
end of the house. It was perfectly dark, and "• Marville" 
soon w^as able to crawl, and knowing the doorway, he 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 23 

crept cautiously out right under the feet of the Indian 
at the door, and thence under the floor, where he re- 
mained until the Indians had " struck fire," plundered 
the house and left. The suspense of the mother in the 
meantime was as great as her joy when she found the 
Indians were gone and '^ Marville" alive ! ^' Marville" 
remembered the impressions of that fire and w^ater, 
ground and lofty tumbling scene, very distinctly to the 
day of his death, and always related it with laughter 
and animation. 

AVhile living on Green Eiver, the Indians went to the 
field or pasture of Mr. Mills, and took out eleven fine 
blood mares ; a young man was sent down about the 
time, and discovered them, and instead of their flying 
away they pursued him to the house, about half a mile ; 
his fright was so great, and the chase so close, that in- 
stead of running into the house, the door being ajar to 
receive him, he ran entirely round it three times! 
During this time the Indians halted about sixty yards 
from tlie house, about twelve or fifteen in number, and 
commenced an attack with bows, arrows and fire-arms, 
which was returned from within, by two or three men, 
and as many women, among them " Polly Stei^p," a 
woman born never to he hilled! Amonc: the Indians 
was a very large man, who was leader, and who jumped 
up and down, making all sorts of gestures, and yelling 
all the time at the top of his voice ; at every leap in tlie 
air a new volley saluted the house. The fire from within 
was pretty steady, and by means of cracks between the 
logs and "^j>o/'i5 holcs^^^ eff'ectual. Finally '''' Pollffs''' 
blood boiled till ''^no i^nt vj> TJtica^^ could restrain lier 
patriotism, and seizing a gun from one of the men, she 
squatted, took aim through a ^^ jport liole^'' fired, and lol 



24 CHROKOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

the yelling ceased, the arrows no more whizzed throTigli 
the air, the powder flashes cleared up, the Indians were 
seen gathering up the dead, which were several in 
number, the conflict was over. " Poll " sprang to her 
feet, jumped about three feet high, cracked her heels 
together, let the gun fall, and exclaimed "/'ZZ he dam7i^d 
if I JiamH Mlled the hig Ingin P^ And so it was, the 
" cliief'^ w^as slain, causing the others to fly as for life ; 
they carried the horses with them, were pursued across 
the " ridge," but made good their escape. Said 
" Poll," if I mistake not, when a'Child, was taken by the 
heels and her brains or part of them actually knocked 
out against a tree by an Indian, and she left for dead ; 
notwithstanding this, the " hig Ingin'''^ felt the force of 
her revenge, and she lived to a very old age, a monu- 
ment of courage and health. These are but a tithe of 
the incidents in the life and times of '''father Mills^'' (as 
Bishop Asbury used to call him). I will close with one 
or two relating to three well tried and faithful servants 
"Z6>?2/" (London), "/iS'«2m" and "Zmer" (Carolina). "Lon'' 
and " Sam" were literally chopped to pieces at various 
times by the Indians, but they both lived to a very old 
age, truthful, faithful, obedient and honest to a fraction. 
Their funerals were solemn, and attended by nearly all 
the whites in the neighborhood. In a hot pursuit by 
Indians they were once compelled to seek shelter under 
the " crossing log" over a creek, by burying themselves 
not only under the log but under the water and bank. 
Immediately the Indians approached, and the first one 
whose foot struck the log brought " Lon" from his hiding 
place in spite of ''Sam's" injunction of '^ silence or 
death^'* exclaiming as he rose, dripping with water, 
" Who stejpjpij obev dis nigga V The Indians glided into 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOllTU CAROLINA. 25 

the water, seized him, dragged liiin to the other side, 
tied his arms behind liini, withed him to a sapling, and 
literally '^hacked him uj)'''' with tomahawks, leaving 
him for dead. " Sam^'' was more discreet, lay still and 
escaped ; this daring feat cheeked the pursuit for some 
time, and thus Mr. Mills and other whites who outran 
the negroes, made good their escape. '^LonP lived, and 
all were saved, by *' Who stepj)y oher dis nigga V Many 
the night have I spent until the " morning hours " listen- 
ing to the hair-breadth escapes of these old " war worn 
darkeys?'' " Liner" was of pure African blood, and was 
put at the head of a mountain farm. Mr. Mills lost a 
very fine horse under " Liner's " practice ; on question- 
ing "Liner" closely as to treatment, he said he had 
''^guv him all the Jjacher in de house^'' having first hoiled 
and distilled it ! Mr. Mills exclaimed with amazement, 
" ^Yhat on earth did you do that for V " Why," with 
equal earnestness and amazement, said " Liner ^'^ " / 
taught icat lua-s good for nigga^ was good for hoss /" 

The Barewallow, Ball Top, Sugar Loaf, Pilot, Point, 
Lookout, and many other adjacent mountains, were 
named by Mr. Mills. In the fall of 1834, he fell or was 
thrown from a horse, being in his 88tli year ; this fall 
irritated the wound in his ankle, received at " Cowpens," 
and which had always given him more or less pain ; 
inllammation followed, and a few days of severe pain 
terminated, on the 10th of Nov., his earthly career. He 
sleeps by liis Avife and daughter " Morning," and other 
relatives, near Edneyville, Henderson County, and 
sleeping, he has left a good name behind him — that of an 
industrious, kind liearted, honest vian. 

Gkokgk Swain-, tlie honored fatlier of Hon. D. L. 
Swain, was born at Roxborough, Mass., 17 June, 1763. 



26 CHEONOLOGY OF NORTH CAEOLINA. " 

He was a hatter by trade. On the 1st September, 1784, 
havino- converted his small earnings (I believe he had 
no patrimony), into a cargo of notions— apples, cider, 
cheese, etc., — he sailed from Providence, K. L, for 
Charleston, S. C. The vessel encountered a severe 
storm, was blown into the gnlf stream, the principal 
part of the cargo was thrown overboard, and at the end 
of six weeks he found himself in Charleston, too poor 
and too proud to return to his friends. Placing his 
trunk in a wagon, he walked to Augusta, Ga., purchased 
an acre lot, near the middle of Broad street, for $75, 
sold it at the close of a year for $100, and removed to 
AYilkes, now Oglethorpe County. Here he put up a 
shop on the premises of the late Abram Hill, and carried 
on the hatting busines, until he married in 1788. His 
wife was Caroline Lowry, widow of David Lowry, and 
daughter of Jesse Lane. He resided in Georgia eleven 
years, and, during the latter hve years, represented 
Wilkes County, in the Legislature of the State. He 
was a member of the famous Convention which met at 
Louisville, in 1795, to amend the State Constitution, 
and, which, after repealing and repudiating the Yazoo 
land sales, directed the records of the General Assembly 
in relation to them to be burned. 

Finding the climate of Georgia unfavorable to health, 
he removed in the winter of 1795-6, to Asheville, in 
Buncombe County, N. C. 

About 1805, a post route was established on the 
recently constructed road through Buncombe County, 
and this road soon became the great thoroughfare, from 
Korth and South Carolina, and Georgia, to the western 
States. Tlie Post Office at Aslieville, in 1806, was 
made the distributing office, for Georgia, Tennessee and 



CIIllONOLOGY OF NOKTU CAUOLIXA. 27 

the two Carolinas. Mr. Swain took charge of* the office, 
in the antumn of that jear, thongh his commission bears 
date 1st January, 1807. During a period of quite 
twenty years, he was never absent on the arrival of 
a mail, and distributed every letter with his own 
hand. 

lie was a man of remarkable memory. lie could 
repeat the entire book of Genesis, and was so familiar 
with the sacred volume, that on the first verse of any 
chapter being read, he was ordinarily able to repeat the 
second, and if he failed to do so, would turn to it, in a 
minute. lie was during many years a ruling elder in 
the Presbyterian Church. He died at his residence in 
Asheville, on the 28th December, 1829, in the 67th year 
of his age. 

Col. Andrew Erwin was a native of Yiro-inia. He 
was born about 1773, and died at his residence near the 
War Trace, in Bedford County, Tennessee, in 1833. 

Andrew Erwin entered into the employment of the 
late James Fatten, as an assistant peddler, when about 
17 years of age. At 19, he married Jane Fatten, the 
sister of his patron, and shortly thereafter became the 
partner of Mr. Fatten as inn-keeper and merchant in 
AVilkesborough. The firm of Fatten and Erwin con- 
tinued to exist for many years, and branches of it were 
established in various southern and western villages. 

In 1800, and again in 1801, Mr. Erwin represented 
Wilkes County, in the House of Commons in the General 
Assemblv. In 1803, he removed to Asheville, and suc- 
ceeded to the business of Jeremiah Cleveland, as mer- 
chant and inn-keeper. Mr. Cleveland was then and for 
some time after his removal to Greenville, S. C, con- 
nected in business with Fatton and Erwin. 



28 CeilONOLOGY OF NOETII CAIiOLINA. 

At the time Mr. Erwiu settled in Asheville, tlie village 
consisted of less than a dozen log houses, tenanted hj a 
still smaller number of families. He was a man of ex- 
traordinary energy and enterprise, and (with very limited 
opportunities for improvement), great strength of mind. 
He may be justly considered the incipient founder of 
Asheville, at present one of the prettiest and most in- 
teresting villages of which we have any knowledge, 
north or south. He was the first Postmaster, and 
throughout the entire period of his citizenship, foremost 
in every effort for the improvement of the town and 
county. 

In the autumn of 1814, he removed to Augusta, Ga., 
and was shortly thereafter, the leading partner in mer- 
cantile firms in Savannah, Charleston, Is^ashville, 'New 
Orleans, and many other towns. His operations were 
too widely extended, and as might have been a23pre- 
hended, ended in disaster. Those who knew him best, 
never lost confidence in his integrity, and many families 
in prosperous circumstances in the southern and western 
States, are deeply indebted for the impetus imparted, 
in the career of their IbunderSj by his liberality and 
genius. 

Just as the war of 1812, with Great Britain, was 
closing, and after his actual residence among us had 
ceased, he was designated by Governor Hawkins to 
command a regiment of militia, ordered into service for 
the defence of our maritime frontiers. The regiment 
was barely mustered into service under Gen. Gray, at 
Wadesborough, when intelligence was received of the 
treaty of peace. 

His widow, Mrs. Jane Erwin, a lady in all respects 
Avorthy of her husband, still survives. She completed 



CIIliONOLOGi' OF NOKTU CAKOLINA. 29 

Iier 8Sth year, on the 27tli May last (1858.) She lives 
on the beautiful estate, within two miles of the War 
Trace, in Bedford County, Tennessee, where Col. Erwdn 
resided during the closing years of his life, and in sight 
of the modest inclosure w^iich marks his burial place. 
JSTo one of the earlier citizens of Buncombe is entitled 
to more grateful remembrance than the Kev. Geokge 
Kewton, the first Presbyterian minister who settled on 
the western side of the Blue Kidge. We regret that 
we are unable to present an accurate sketch of his 
personal history, and the leading events of his life. Ilis 
first residence was on Swannanoa. He is believed to 
have been the founder and first pastor of the three 
churches of Swannanoa, Asheville, and Keems Creek, 
anterior to 1797. About the beginning of this year he 
removed to the neighborhood of Asheville. The parson- 
age erected for him is a comfortable framed building, 
and is still standing. The log house known as Union 
Academy from 1797 to about 1809, stood about one 
hundred yards south of the jDarsonage, and was demo- 
lished about 1810, in the autumn of which year a brick 
building, which remained until the spring of 1858, was 
erected. The name of the Academy was changed by 
an act of the General Assembly, in 1809, to Newton 
Academy. Mr. Newton taught a classical school here, 
from 1797 to 1814. There was, probably, in 1797, and 
for several years after, no similar institution in Tennessee, 
Georgia, or either of the Carolinas, within the distance 
of one hundred miles ; and although the great body of 
his pupils, like their master, are in the grave, survivors 
may still be found in most of the southern and w^estern 
States, and among them Hon. B. F. Peny, of S. C, and 
D. L. Swain, men of merit and distinction, and many 



30 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

others, who have not lived in vain. In the autumn of 
1S14, he removed to Bedford County, Tennessee was 
during many years principal of Dickson Academy, and 
pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Shellyville. He 
died about the year 1841. A neat marble obelisk, in 
the grave-yard at this place, marks the spot of his repose. 
His youngest son, the Rev. Alexander Newton, D.D., 
resides at Jackson, Miss., and is the pastor of the IST. S. 
Presbyterian Church, in that city. 

1767. 

Alexander Mkbane born . . . Nov. 26th. 

1768. 

Hon. Archibald Henderson born . . Aug. 7th. 

1770. 

David Stone born Feb. 17th. 

Chatham, Guih'ord, Surry and Wake 

Counties formed. 
Tryon's Palace at Newberne finished. 

" Judge Martin says that he visited this edifice in 
1783, with General Miranda of South America, w^ho 
stated that even in South America, a land of palaces, it 
had no equal. It was dedicated to Sir "William Draper, 
wdio was said to be the author of the lines placed over 
door of the entrance : 

" 'Rege pio, dira inimica tyranuis 
Virtuti has edes libera terra dedit 
Sint doraus et dominus secies exempla futuris 
Hie artes, mores, jura legesque colaut.' 

'^Translated thus: 'A free and happy people, opposed 
to cruel tyrants, has given this edifice to virtue. May 



CURONOLOGY OF NOIiTH CAROLINA. 31 

tlie house and its inmate, as au example for future ages, 
here cultivate the arts, order, justice, and the laws.' '"' 

How complete a burlesque upon its origin, object 
and tendency ! 

1771. 

Battle of Alamance ]VIay 16th. 

This battle was fought by the " Eegulators " against 
the Iloyal troops under Governor Tryon. By some the 
Eegulators have been pronounced a treacherous and 
rebellious set of men. The following is from the pen of 
John II. Wheeler, Esq., and is exactly in accordance 
with the views of the writer : 

" It is for the present and future ages to judge 
whether these people deserved the cruel treatment they 
endured, and the opprobrium that has been cast upon 
them. 

" That the Eegulators were guilty of excesses, none 
can deny. This has been the case from all time, when 
justice and liberty contend against oppression and 
power. But the great principles that they contended 
for, the rights of the many against the exactions of the 
few, the rights of the people to resist taxation, unless 
imposed by their representatives, the refusal to pay 
more than was legal, and a right to know for what they 
were taxed, and how appropriated, if in that day cost 
them their property, their blood, and their lives, they 
were the principles which carried our nation through 
an eventful struggle, and are now recognized as the 
true principles of government, self-evident and incon- 
trovertible ; had this battle terminated diiferently (and 
five years after this would have been the case) the 
banks of AJamance would be venerated as another 



32 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Bunker Hill, and Husbands, Merrill, and others ranked 
with the Warrens and patriots of another day." 

Gov. Tryon leaves 'N. C. for 'N. Y. . . June 30th. 
James Hassel made Governor in . . July. 

Succeeded by Josiah Martin . . . Aug. 11th. 

1772. 

Maemaduke Williams born . . . April 6th. 
Hon. Henry Seawell born . . . Dec. 21th, 

1773. 

Dr. Joseph Caldwell born . . , April 21st. 

William Hill born ..... Sept. 23d. 

1774. 

First assemblage of the people of IST. C, inde- 
pendent of the Crown, met at ISTewberne . Aug. 25th. 
Martin County formed .... Sept. 5th. 

1775. 

Declaration of Independence, by the in- 
habitants of Mecklenburg County . . May 20 til. 

This happened more than a year in advance of the 
]N"ational Declaration, thus ISTorth Carolina took the lead 
in throwing off the British yoke ; the I*^ational Declara- 
tion was not made until July 4th, 1770, it was written 
by Thomas Jefferson, who adopted some of the language 
of the Meckenburg Declaration. 

John Penn died September.' 

Mr. Penn was one of the delegates from' ISTorth Care- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 33 

Una, ^vllo signed that immortal document, the Declara- 
tion of Independence. It is not (says Col. Wheeler,) very 
flattering to our State pride, that not one of our dele- 
gates were natives of the State. 

Date of Gen. George Washington's Commis- 
sioner as Commander in Chief . . June 19th. 

This memorable document was presented by John 
Hancock, in presence of the Continental Congress ; it 
read as follows : 

'• To George Washington, Esq. : 

" We reposing special trust and confidence in your 
patriotism, valor, conduct, and fidelity, do, by these pre- 
sents, constitute and appoint you to be General and 
Commander in Chief of the armies of the United Colo- 
nies, and of all the forces now raised, or to be raised by 
them, and of all others who shall voluntarily oflfer their 
services, and join the said army for the defence of Ame- 
rican liberty and for repelling every hostile invasion 
thereof, and you are hereby vested with full power and 
authority to act, as you shall think, for the good and 
welfare of the service. And we do hereby strictly 
charge and require, all officers and soldiers under your 
command, to be obedient to your orders, and diligent in 
the exercise of their several duties. And we do also en- 
join and requh'c you to be careful in executing the great 
trust reposed in you, by causing strict discipline and 
order to be observed in the army, and that the soldiers 
be duly exercised and provided with all convenient neces- 
saries. And you are to regulate your conduct in every 
respect by the rules and disci])line of war (as here given 
you), and punctually to observe and follow such orders 
and directions from time to time, as you shall receive 

2* 



34: CHEONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 

from this or a future Congress, of these United Colonies 
or Committee of Congress. This Commission is to con- 
tinue in force until revoked by this or a fature Congress." 

(Signed) "John Hancock, 

'^President. 

"Philadelphia, June 19tb, 17*75." 

Insurrection among the negroes discovered 
" barely in time to suppress it " by the 
authorities of the County of Pitt . . July 7th. 

Provincial Congress assemble at Halifax, Aug. 20th. 

A copy of the Mecklenburg Declaration 
laid before the Provincial Congress at 
Hillsboro', by Samuel Johnston . . Aug. 25th. 

Fort Johnston burned by the militia under 

the command of Col. John Ashe . . July 18th. 

Provincial Congress assemble at Johnston 

Courthouse Oct. 18th. 

Provincial Congress assemble at Johnston 

Courthouse again .... Dec. 18th. 

1776. 

Battle of Moore's Creek .... Feb. 2Tth. 
Provincial Congress assemble at ISlewberne Feb. 28th. 
Provincial Congress assemble at Halifax . April 4th. 
The British ravage and burn Gen. Howe's 

l^lantation on the Cape Fear . . . May 12th. 

Intent upon revenging on General Howe the defeat 
of Lord Dunmore, Cornwallis and Clinton determined 
to ravage his plantation, and accordingly on the 12th of 
May, 1776, landed with a body of nine hundred troops 
for that purpose. 

The sentry guard that had been posted to watch the 



CURONOLOGY OF NOHTII CAliOLINA. 35 

ihovemcnts of the fleet, collected their horses and drove 
off the cattle, and while the enemy was marching over 
the causeway from the river to the dwelling house, a 
portion of the sentry guard maintained a steady fire, 
killing one man wounding several others, and taking a 
sergeant of the thirty-third regiment prisoner. The two 
British Generals surrounded the mansion and murdered 
in cold blood three helpless women, wdioni they found 
concealed in the chambers of the house. Having thus 
satiated and glutted their revenge, the victorious gene- 
rals were foiled in an attempt to surprise Major Davis, 
stationed at the mill at Orton, with about one hundred 
and fifty militia. 

They burned the mill, ravaged Gen. HoJ^ve's planta- 
tion, carried off a few bullocks, and returned to their 
transports with the satisfaction (for satisfaction it un- 
doubtedly was to such men as Cornwallis) of having 
butchered three innocent, unoffending females. 

This and other similar actions committed during the 
war, ought to have rendered Cornwallis forever after- 
ward incapable and unworthy of the name of Briton. 

The site of General Howe's plantation and Orton Mill 
are still to be seen on the Cape Fear Kiver, in the County 
of Brunswick, and are places where " patriots love to 
lin2:er." 

Gov. Martin leaves the Cape Fear . . June 1st. 
Declaration of Independence . . . Jidy 4th. 
Xews of the Declaration of Independence 

reached Halifax July 22d. 

Independence formally declared at Halifax Aug. 1st. 
Provincial Congress assemble at Halifax . Nov. 12th. 
Declaration of Eights ratified at Halifax . Dec. 17th. 
Constitution of N. C. ratified at Halifax . Dec. 18th. 



36 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAKOLINA. 

GOVEENOES OF N'oKTII CAROLINA, FROM 1763 TO 1776. 

1663. William Drummond. 

1667. "W^illiam- Stevens. jk^^-^A, 

1674. Sir George Carteret. 

1678. Sir George Eastcliurch. 

1680. John Jenkins. 

1681. Henry "Wilkison. 
1683. Seth Sotliel. 
1689. Philip Lndwell. 

1693. Thomas Smith. 

1694. John Archdale. 
1699. Thomas Harvey. 
1699. Henderson "Walker. 
1704. Eobert Daniel. 
1712. Edward Hyde. 

1712. George Pollock. 

1713. Charles Eden. 
1722. Thomas Pollock. 

1724. George Burrington. 

1725. Sir Kichard Everhard. 

The Potal Governors. 

1729. George Burrington. 

1734. Gabriel Johnston. 

1753. Matthew Kow^an. 

1754. Arthur Dobbs. 
1765. "William Tryon. 
1771. Josiah Martin. 

1777. 

Maurice Moore died. 

Bm-ke, Camden, Caswell, Nash, and Wilkes Counties 
formed. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 37 

Laws and Constitution of Kortli Carolina printed by 
James Davis. 

Battle of Germantown, Pa., fought . . Oct. 4:th. 

In this hard-fought battle the following distinguished 
l^orth Carolinians were killed : Gen. Francis Nash, 
Col. Henry Irwin, Captain Turner, Adjutant Lucas, and 
six soldiers. The following, from the N'. C. Header^ 
will enable the reader to form some idea of the charac- 
ter of Gen. ISTash : 

" Francis l^ash was a resident of Orange County. 
He was clerk of the court and member of Assembly 
under the colonial government. 

'' He was the brother of Governor Abner E^ash, and 
the uncle of Hon. Frederick Nash, now one of the 
judges of our Supreme Court. 

" In the contest for liberty he took an early and de- 
cided stand. 

" On the 22d of April, 1776, he was appointed by 
the State Congress, colonel of the first regiment of con- 
tinental troops. From his bravery and talents he was 
soon promoted to be" a brigadier-general. 

'• He joined, with the North Carolina troops, the 
army of the north, and commanded the reserve troops 
at the bloody battle of Germantown, on the 4th Octo- 
ber, 1777. When, in this position, covering the retreat 
of AVashington, a spent cannon-ball struck him, carrying 
away his right thigh, and killing his horse, and, at the 
same moment, his gallant aid-de-camp. Major AVither- 
spoon, son of Kev. Dr. AYitherspoon, president of Nas- 
sau Hall College. 

" He was carried from the field mortally wounded, 



38 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

with the retreating army ; and at the house of Mr. ' 
De Haven, in Montgomery County, under most excru- 
ciating sufferings, he died the next day. 

" A memorial of his gallant services has been erected 
over his remains by the patriotic exertions of John 
Fanning Watson, Esq., of Germantown, in the Menonist 
burying-ground, at Kulperville, twenty-six miles from 
Philadelphia. It bears this inscription : 

^' Fota vice Tuea, Jus P atria. 
In Memory of 

GEIs'EEAL FEANCIS KASH, 

Mortally wounded at Battle of 

Germantown, 

Here interred October, 1777, 

in presence of the army here 

encamped." 

And also by the patriotic liberality of the same hand, 
a marble has been erected, bearing this inscription. 

" I^ HONOE TO THE BEAYE. 
Ilicjacet injpace 
Colonel Henry Irwin of North Carolina, 
Captain Turner, 
Adjutant Lucas and six soldiers. 
Killed in the battle of Germantown. 



One Cause, one Grave. 



J. F. W." 



The gratitude of every North Carolinian is due to Mr 
Watson for his liberality, and while the marble erecte 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 39 

by Lis exertions remains a monument to the memory 
of our countrymen, let the recollection of the noble act 
remain a monument to his memory with us and our 
children. 

1778. 

Gen. Paul Barringer born in . . . Sept. 
Hon. William Gaston born . . . Sept. 19th. 
JxQv. William McPiieeters, D.D., born . Sept. 28th. 

1779. 

Joseph Hughes died .... Kov. 10th. 

Franklin, Gates, Jones, Wayne, Montgom- 
ery, Pandolph, Richmond, Rutherford, 
and Warren Counties formed. 

1780. 

Battle of Ramsours Mill'^ . . . June 22d. 

Gen. Gates defeated at Camden . . Aug. 16th. 
Battle of Kinir's Mountain . . . Oct. 7th. 



o 



In the battle of King's Mountain, Col. Williams, of 
S. C, Major Chronicle, of Lincoln County, T^. C, and 
Capt. John Mattocks were killed, and Col. Ilambrite 
wounded. Our entire loss was twenty-eight killed, 
and sixty wounded. The next day after the battle, a 
court martial was held and about twenty Tories hung. 
At the forks of the branch where Major Chronicle and 
Captain Mattocks were buried, a monument is erected ; 
on it is the folhnving inscription : 

* One account says, June 20th. 



4:0 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

" Sacred to tlie memory of 

Major William Chronicle, 

Captain John Mattocks, 

William Robb and 

John Boyd, 

Who were killed in this place on the 7th October, 1780, 
fighting in defence of America." 

On the west side of said monnment is the follow- 



ing^ 



"COLONEL FEEGUSON, 

An officer of his Britannic Majesty, 

Was defeated and killed 

At this place. 
On 7th October, 1780." 

On the 7th Oct., 1855, the battle of King's Mountain 
w^as celebrated by an assembly of over 15,000 persons. 
" The Hon. John S. Preston was the orator of the day, 
to whose effort the following extract will hardly do 
justice :" 

" lip that gorge, along that ridge, rising that steep 
acclivity, our patriot kinsmen trailed in their ow-n sacred 
blood as they encircled the ferocious beast who had 
been preying upon their homes and children. The 
fierce Ferguson lay crouched at the summit, licking his 
red chops after his feast of blood, and glaring at the moun- 
tain hunters as they closed around him. On one side 
the calm, determined Cleveland came out ; out of the 
deej) hollow the bold, and strong, and daring Shelby 
sprung ; in front came the red-haired Campbell, with the 
claymore of the Argyles gleaming in his hand, his blue 
eye glittering with a lurid flame. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 41 

'* Thev met as the terrible foe comes crashino' down 
like a herd of hungry lions ; they met with an earth- 
shock, a tremor, a pause, the rattle, the roar, a groan, a 
shriek, a wild triumphant shout, and the spirit of liberty, 
like Pallas watching over her warrior sons, hovered for 
a moment over this wild mountain scene, and unfolding 
her purple wings, bore the glad tidings to the Father of 
his Country, and to the hearts of her fainting soldiery 
in other regions of her chosen land." — American Organ, 

1781. 

Battle of the Cowpens .... Jany lYth. 
Battle of Gnilford March 15th. 

In this hard-fought battle the American commander 
retreated and left the British in possession of the field ; 
yet the Americans reaped the fruits of victory. Gen. 
Greene prepared to renew the contest, but Cornwallis 
now had enough of Greene ; he avoided battle, wdiicli 
before he had so anxiously sought, and retired to Wil- 
mington, and from thence to Virginia, where he soon 
became an easy prey to the combined French and 
American armies under Gen. Washington. 

AVhen the victory gained by the British over the 
Americans at Guilford, was announced in the British 
House of Parliament, the immortal Earl of Chatham 
replied, that " one more such victory would ruin the 
British army." 

Gen. William Davidson killed . . Feb. 1st. 

Dr. Alexander Gaston killed . . Aue:. 20th. 

Ilon. Frederick Nash born. 

1782. 

lion. John Branch born . . Nov. 4th. 



42 CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTII CAEOLIXA. 

1733. 

Final treaty of peace between England and 

the United States .... Sept. 3d. 

Washington resigned his Commission as 

Commander-in-Chief . . . . Dec. 23d. 

Gov. BuKKE died. 

1784. 

Gen. James Owen born in . . . Dec. 

Sampson and Moore Counties formed. 

1785. 

Moses Mordp:cai born. .... April 4th. 
Rockins^ham Comitv formed. 

1786. 

Gen. N^athaniel Greene died . . . June 10th. 
Hon. Thomas Ruffin born. 
Kobeson County formed. 

1787. 

Hon. Edmund Debekky born . . . Aug. 14th. 
Gov. John Owen born in ... Aug. 

1788. 

A Convention of the people of 'N. C, at 
Hillsboro', rejected the Federal Consti- 
tution ...... July 21st. 

Seat of Government permanently fixed at 
Raleigh. 

James Iredell, Jun., born. 
Hon. Lewis D. Henry born. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 43 

1789. 

First Presidential election in the United 

States Feb. 1st. 

AYashingtoii inangnrated at I^ew York . April 30tli. 

Gen. Louis D. Wilson born . . . May 12tb. 

Charles Fishek born .... Oct. 20tli. 

Kortb Carolina accepts tlie Federal Consti- 
tution Kov. 21st. 

Stokes County formed. 

University of K. C. cstablisbed at Chapel 
Hill 

1790. 

Tennessee ceded to the United States by 

North Carolina Feb. 25th. 

Flora McDonald died .... March 4th. 
Mrs. Elizabeth Steele died . . . Xov. 22d. 
Willi A]«[ Hooper died .... Oct. 
Dismal Swamp Canal incorporated. 

1791. 

James Grant born .... Feb. 26th. 

Hon. HoMULus M. Saunders born . . March 3d. 
Dr. S. B. Everitt born .... Jnne 6th. 
James Fauntelroy Taylor born . . July. 

Buncombe, Greene, Lenoir, and Person 
Counties formed. 

1792. 

Hon. David F. Caldwell born. 

Hon. Willie P. Mangum born. 

Cabarrus County formed. ISTamcd after 



44: CIIKONOLOGY OF NOETH CAEOLINA. 

Stephen Cabarrus, of Chowan County. 
He left an immense fortune, which re- 
verted to Madame Tallien, his sister. 

1793. 

Hon. James J. McKay born. 

Eev. Hezekiah G. Leigh born . . E'ov. 23d. 

1794. 

Maj. Benjamin M. Selby born . . April 29tli. 

Hon. Samuel Spencer died. 

1795. 

HiNTON James, the first student in the 
University of the State, arrived from 
Wilmington Feb. 12th. 

Public instruction commenced . . Feb. 13th. 

Gen. Fkancis Marion died . . . Feb. 2Tth. 

"Next to Washington, 0! glorious shade 
In page historic shall thy name have place, 
Deep on thy country's memory are portrayed, 
Those gallant deeds which time shall ne'er erase. 

"^/i / full of Jionors and of years, farewell ; 

Thus o'er thy tomb shall Carolina sigh. 
Each tongue thy valor, and thy worth shall tell, 
Which taught the young to fight the old to die." 

Hon. John L. Bailey born . . . Aug. 13tli. 

Gen. Jesse Speight born . . . Sept. 22d. 
Hon. Bedford Brown born. 

Hon. George E. Badger born . . . April 17th. 

1796. 

Hon. Nathaniel Boyden born . . . Aug. ICtli. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 45 

Hon. HoBERT Strange born . . . Sept. 20tli. 

Hpn. Daniel TcRNER born . . . Sept. 26tb. 

Hon. Kiceiard Dobes Spaight born. 

Gen. Anthony Wayne died . . . Dec. 

1797. 

Hon. AVhitmel Hill died . . . Sept. 26tb. 

Hon. Alfred Dockery born . . . Dec. lltli. 

1798. 

Hon. John M. Mokehead born . . July 4th. 

1799. 

Elisha Battle died .... March 6tli. 

A. "W". Yenable born .... Oct. 17th. 

James Iredell died .... Oct. 20th. 

Hon. John AYilliams died . . . Oct. 

Ashe and Washington Counties formed. 

Gold first discovered in N. C. 

** Raleigh Register " established bj Josepli Gales. 

1800. 

Hon. John Sitgreaves died. 

Daniel W. Cocrts born . . . 'Nov. 20th. 

1801. 

Hon. David L. Swain born . . . Jan. 4th. 

"David L. Swain, without tlie advantages of higli 
birth or fortune, has arisen to positions of power and 
usefulness in Kortli Carolina ; he has been five times 
elected to the Legislature, lias been solicitor of the Eden- 
ton District, has once been elected Governor and served 
one term, has been judge of the Superior Court, a mem- 



4G CHRONOLOGY OF KOKTH CAROLmA. 

ber of the board of Internal Improvements ; and several 
otlier high and responsible offices lie lias filled, ^Yitll 
dignity; lie is now (1858) president of the University 
of the State ; which office he has filled for years with 
great acceptability and distinction. Plis native place is 
Asheville, Buncombe Coimty. 

1802. 

Gen. Daniel Morgan died . . . Jnly 6th. 

Gen. Morgan was a fearless and chivalric officer, he 
commanded the American troops at the battle of the 
Cowpens, where he gained a splendid victory, for which 
Congress voted . him a gold medal ; he was also with 
General Montgomery at Quebec, and General Gates at 
Saratoga ; the following is from his tombstone in the 
Baptist Churchyard at Winchester, Yirginia : 

" MAJOK GENEEAL DANIEL M0KGA:N', 

Departed this life 

On July the 6th, 1802, 

III the Qlth year of hisHge. ' 

Patriotism and valor were the prominent 

Features of his Character, 

And 

The honorable services he rendered 

to his C(iuntry 

During the Revolutionary war. 

Crowned him with glory, and will remain 

in the hearts of his 

Countrymen 

a perpetual monument 

to his 

MEMORY." 



CliRONOLOGY OF NOETU CAROLINA. 4rT 

1804. 

lion. William A. Grauam born Sept. 5tli. 

Bank of Cape Fear incorporated. 

Moravian Female College established at 
Salem. Tliis institution still flourishes, 
and is one of the best female colleges in 

i America. 

1805. 

CoKNWALLis died. .... Oct. 5th, 

" Charles, Earl of Cornwallis, was born 31st Decem- 
ber, 1T3S. lie commenced his education at Eton, and 
completed it at St. John's College, Cambridge. lie 
entered the armj, and served as aid-de-camp to the 
Marquis of Granby, in the German campaign of 1761. 
On the deatli of his father, in the following year, he 
took his seat in the House of Lords. He had served in 
the House of Commons as a member for Eye, in two 
successive Parliaments. 

In 1770, he, with three other young peers, protested, 
Avith Lord Camden, against the taxation of America. 
Mansfield, the chief justice, is said to have sneeringly 
observed, " Poor Camden could get only four boys to 
join him." 

" Although opposed to the course of the ministry, 
yet, when liostilitics commenced, he did not, as an ofti- 
cer, scruple to accept active employment against 
America." 

" In 1777 he displayed great gallantry at the battle 
of Brandywine. He defeated Gen. Gates at Camden, 
in August, 17S0. His general orders, on his march 
from tlie Catawba 1o tlic Dan river, in 17^1, do honor 
to his head as well as his heart. The battle of Guilford 



48 CHKONOLOGY OF NOKTII CAKOLINA. 

was Ills last general engagement in America, for at 
Yorktown, on 19tli October, 1781, lie and his whole 
forces, amounting to more than fom' thousand troops, 
surrendered to the American and French forces com- 
bined, under Washington and Count Rochambeau. 

" Lord Cornwallis returned to England. His failure 
in America did not impair his reputation, for he was 
appointed Governor of the Tower, and in 1T86 honored 
with the order of the garter, and sent to the East Indies 
in the double capacity of governor-general and com- 
mander-in-chief. He was distinguished in this elevated 
position for his gallantry in war against the Sultan of 
Mysore, and the humanity w^ith which he exercised his 
powder. He returned to England, and, in consideration 
of his eminent services, was made a privy counsellor, 
created a marquis, and master-general of ordnance. 
In 1798 he was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, 
where, by his vigor, he subdued an insurrection, de- 
feated the French who landed to support the rebels, 
and by his policy restored tranquillity. 

'' Soon after, he was sent plenipotentiary to the court 
of France, and as such signed the treaty of Amiens. 

" In 1804: he succeeded the Marquis of Wellesley as 
Governor-General of India. On his arrival at Calcutta 
his health failed, and he died at Ghazepoore, 5th Octo- 
ber, 1805. He left one son, who succeeded to his title 
and estate. A statue at Bombay preserves, with accu- 
racy, his commanding person, and the benevolent char- 
acter of his countenance. His mind was not of supe- 
rior brilliancy, but his honor was unimpeached, and his 
private character amiable. 

" Lord Cornwallis, in his person, was short and thick 
set ; his hair somewhat grey ; his face was well formed 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 49 

and agreeable. In liis manners he was remarkably easy 
and affable — much beloved by his men." 

I am indebted for this sketch to " Wheeler's History 
of ]N"ortli Carolina," vol. ii. p. 180. Tliis is inserted here 
because of the notoriety of the man, and his connection, 
in some sense, with our own State. 

1806. 

Col. John II. Wheeler born . . Auo^. 2d. 

Col. Wheeler has distinguished himself in J^orth Caro- 
lina. He was prepared for college by Eev. Jonathan 
Otis Freeman. He entered the Columbian Colleire, 
District of Columbia, in 1821, and took his degree of 
A.B., in 1826, read law with the late Chief Justice 
Taylor, and was licensed in 1827. In 1828, he received 
the;[degree of A.M., at Chapel Hill. In 1827, elected 
to the House of Commons, in which he served continu- 
ously until 1830, when he was a candidate for Congress, 
in the Edenton District, and was defeated by Hon. 
William B. Shepard. 

In 1831, he was appointed by the President, Clerk of 
the Board of Commissioners, under the Convention 
with France. In January, 1837, he was appointed by 
the President, Superintendent of the Mint at Charlotte, 
which he held until 18tl:l. 

In 184:2, he was nominated by the Democratic party 
of Mecklenburg as a candidate for the House of Com- 
mons, which nomination he declined accepting. 

In 1842, he was elected Treasurer of the State ; in 
1811, w\is succeeded by Maj'-r Charles L. Ilinton. 

He now commenced collect ing materials for the 
History of the State, which he published in 1851. Hi? 

3 



50 CHEONOLOGT OF NORTH CAEOLINA, 

history has been condemned by some as an inaccurate 
and imperfect work. TruCj it " contains errors and im- 
perfections," as the historian himself acknowledges in 
conclusion, but 

" Whoever thinks a faultless book to see, 
Thinks what ne^er was, nor is, nor e'er shall be.'^ 

And when we consider the numerous sources from 
which Col. Wheeler had to gather his materials, and 
then the perplexing and laborious business of their 
arrangement, we unhesitatingly pronounce it a good 
work, and one which does honor to its author and to 
the State. 

Of the career of Col. Wheeler since 1851, the writer 
will not here speak, more than to say, he is still alive, 
and on a foreign mission, in the full enjoyment of the 
friendship and confidence of his fellow citizens. 

1807. 

John Paul BapwRinger died . . . Jan. 1st. 

Alexander Martin died 

Hon. Charles B. Shepard born . . Dec. 5th. 

1808. 

Hon. SpRrcE McCay died 

Columbus and Haywood Counties formed . 

1809. 

Rev. Thomas J. Ca^ipbell born . . Feb. 22 d. 

For the following sketch of the life of Rev. Thomas J. 
Campbell, I am indebted to that valuable work, the 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTII CAROLINA. 51 

" Annals of Southern Methodism for the year 1855," 
by Rev. Charles F. Deems, D.D. 

"Thomas J. Campbell was born February 22d, 1809, 
in Columbus, Cabarrus County, North Carolina ; he 
removed thence to Morgan County, Ga., in 1815. He 
obtained an experimental knowledge of religion, July 
27th, 1827, and was licensed to preach the Gospel, by 
the Rev. Thomas Samford of the Georgia Conference, 
in December, 1827 ; recommended to the Alabama Con- 
ference in 1815, and travelled Lafayette circuit, Chock- 
tawhatchie, in 1846 and 1847; Troy, 1848; Blounts- 
ville, 1849 ; Buckatonie, 1850 ; Cahaba circuit, 1851 ; 
Butler, 1852 ; Portersville, 1853, and was superannuated 
at the close of that year ; his disease was consumption ; 
he died in peace with God and all the world. lie was 
a faithful pastor and served his generation for good. 

1810. 

Hon. Warren Winslow born . . . Jan. 1st. 
Benjamin Lincoln died .... May 9th. 
Alfred Moore, sen., died .... Oct. 15th. 
Hon. Thomas Bragg born .... Nov. 9th. 

1811. 

Hon. Asa Briggs born .... Feb. 4th. 

Burton Craig born March 13th. 

Hon. Greene W. Caldwell born . . April 13th. 
Joshua G. AVright, died. 

" Chang and Eng," born .... May. 
"William White died .... Nov. 8th. 

Gen. Frederick Grist died . . . Dec. 2Gtli. 

The above mentioned '' Chang and Eng " are the 
celebrated Siamese twins. They left their country for 



52 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

America, in 1829, since which time they have travelled 
over the whole of this continent, England, France, and 
other countries, " exciting the admiration of the crowd, 
and the investigations of the scientific." After wander- 
ing over the whole globe, they have sought the quiet 
glens of Wilkes County, as the loveliest spot for retire- 
ment and repose. 

They are united together as one by an ensiform carti- 
lage from the side ; the blood-vessels and nerves of each 
communicate ; there seems to be a perfect sympathy, 
for when one is sick so is the other. They go to sleep 
at the same moment, and wake at the same ; they are 
wealthy, well settled, both happily married, and have 
interesting families around them. 

Sir Astley Cooper, of London ; Dr. Samuel Mitchell, 
of New York, and several scientific gentlemen have 
reported upon this singular phenomenon in the natural 
world. See Wheeler^ vol. ii. p. 465. 

1812. 

Hon. KoBERT T. Payne born . . . Feb. 18th. 
Eoanoke Navigation Company incorpo- 
rated. 

1813. 

Rev. James McFarland born . . . Feb. 22d. 

Hon. Edwin G. Reade born . . . Nov. 13th. 

Hon. David S. Reid born . . . April 19th. 

Mr. Reid is a native of Rockingham County, N. C. 
His first appearance in public life was in 1835, as sen- 
ator from Rockingham, and he was continuously elected 
until 1840. In 1813 he was elected to Congress, and 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 63 

served until 18J:T. In 1848 lie was nominated for gov- 
ernor, and was defeated by a small majority. In 1850 he 
was again nominated and was elected. The distinguishing 
act that has marked Gov. Reid's career has been his 
successful advocacy of the cause of free suffrage. In 
1851: he was elected to the United States Senate, where 
he is still a member in 1858. 

1814. 

Rev. JosiAH John Finch born . . . Feb. 3d. 

Mr. Finch was born in Franklin county. He became 
an eminent minister of the gospel of the Missionary 
Baptist denomination. See 1850, in this work. 

1815. 

Gen. Charles McDowell died . . . March 31st. 
Gen. John Steele died .... Aug. 14. 

Gen. Steele, after holding several high and responsi- 
ble offices under Gen. Washington and John Adams's 
administration, was, on the 14th day of August, 1815 
(the day of his death), elected to the House of Commons. 

The followinir is from his tombstone : 



•» 



[On the west side.'] 

" In the memory of 
GENERAL JOIIK STEELE, 
Died Aug. 14th, 1815," 
aged 50." 



54: CHRONOLOGY OF NOETH CAROLINA. 

\_0n the east side.'] 

" Consecrated by conjugal and 

filial affection. 

An enlightened Statesman ; a vigilant Patriot ; 

an accomplished Gentleman. 

The archives of the country testify the services of his 

short and useful life. 

Long will that country deplore his loss ; 

but when will this • 

sequestered spot cease to witness the sacred 
sorrow of his family and friends ?" 

John Sevier died . . . ^ . . Sept. 24:th. 

Of the life and public services of Gen. Sevier it is 
unnecessary for me here to speak. A beautiful sketch 
of his life is given in '* "Wheeler's History," vol. ii. p. 449. 
The History of Tennessee and Western l^orth Carolina 
is his (Sevier's) history. The following inscription from 
a marble which has been recently erected to his memory, 
will give the reader some ide of the life, character, and 
public services of Gen. Sevier : 

" SEYIER, 

" [N'oble and successful defender of the early settlers 
of Tennessee. The first and for twelve years Governor, 
Kepresentative in Congress, Commissioner in many 
treaties with the Indians. He served his country faith- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA- 66 

fully for forty years, and in that service died. An 
admirer of patriotism, and merit unrequited, erects this 

" CENOTAPH." 

1816. 

Colonel Benjamin Hawkins died, , , June 6tb. 

1818. 

David Stone died Oct. — . 

Hon. Samuel Lowrie died - . . Dec. — . 

Hon. Blake Baker died, 

1819. 

Dr. Hugh Williamson died , , , May 22d. 

1820. 

Kev. Evan E. Freeman born . , . Aug. 15tli, 

Hon. Thomas Kuefin born . . , Sept. 9tli. 

Hon. John AYillis Ellis born . . . Nov. 23d. 

Rev. Charles F. Deems born . . . Dec, 4tb. 

In the life of Dr. Deems we see the natural results of 
industry, perseverance, piety and temperance combined. 
He was licensed to preach in May, 1839 ; graduated 
A,B., July, 1839 ; at twenty years of age he was ap- 
pointed General Agent of the American Bible Society 
for the State of North Carolina ; at 21, made A.M., 
and was elected to a chair in the University of N. C. ; 
at 25, to a chair in Bandolph Macon College, Ya. ; at 
27 commenced the publication of the Southern Metho- 
dist Pulpit; at 28 elected delegate to the General 



56 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Conference of the M. E. Church South ; at 29, published 
a very popular religious work, the ^^Home Altar^'' and 
the same ^^ear was elected President of Greensborough 
Female College ; at 33, was made D.D., one of the 
Virginia newspapers declaring him " the youngest D.D. 
in North America ; " at 34 was reelected to the Gene- 
ral Conference, and the same year elected President of 
Centenary College, La., and either president or professor 
in about eight other institutions. 

In 1856, he published " 2%e Annals of Southern Me- 
tJiodism for the year 1855." He has published in all 
twelve volumes of various works. He is still young in 
years, and has, if spared to an ordinary age, the most 
valuable portion of his life still before him. Dr. 
Deems as an orator has few equals. 

The writer would here beg leave to call attention to 
the " Annals of Southern Methodism," as an invaluable 
historical and statistical work, and one which does 
honor to the Church, the State, and to its distinguished 
author. This work for 1856-57 is also published, and 
its author v/as a delegate to the General Conference 
of 1858. 



1822. 

Davidson County formed. 

Hon. Archibald PIenderson died . . Oct. 21st 

Mr. Henderson was an able and efficient lawyer. 
The following is from his tombstone, in the Lutheran 
churchyard, Salisbury, N. C. : 



OHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 67 

" In memory of 
APwCHIBALD HENDERSON, 

To whom his associates at the bar have 

Erected this monument 

To mark their veneration for the Character of 

a Lawyer 

who illustrated their profession by the Extent of his 

learning and the 

unblenched integrity of his life ; 

of a man, 

who sustained and embellished all the relations 

of social life 

with rectitude and benevolence ; 

of a citizen, 

Who elevated by the native dignity of his mind above 

the atmosphere of selfishness and party, pursued calmly 

yet zealously the true interests of his country. His loss 

was felt with a sincere, general, and unmixed sorrow. 

Decissit XXI Die Octobris 

Anno Domini CIO.DCCC.XXII JLt Sue LIY." 

1824. 

James Turner died ..... Jan. 15th. 
David Caldwell died .... Auir. 25th. 
Rev. Peter Browder born . . . Sept. 2d. 

Stephen IIaywood died .... Sept. 11th. 
Buncombe Turnpike incorporated. 

1825. 

Board of Internal Improvements established. 
Dr. Charles Harris died . . . Sept. 21st. 

3* 



58 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

First charter to a turnpike across '^ Mills'^ s Gap^^ 
from Rutherford to Buncombe, granted to Rev. Samuel, 
and Asa Ednej, and Thomas Case, for twenty years. 
This was one of the first passes across the mountain and 
so called after William Mills. 

1826. 

Clubfoot and Harlowe Creek Canal incorpo- 
rated ....... July 4th. 

By a singular coincidence, John Adams and Thomas 
Jefferson, two illustrious statesmen and patriots breathed 
their last on the same day, that too the birthda}^ of 
American liberty, and just fifty years after they had 
signed the Declaration of Independence. At his own 
request, the following words mark the last resting-place 
of Jefferson. 

" Here was buried 

THOMAS JEFFERSOIS^, 

Author of the Declaration of Independence 

Of the statute of Virginia for religious freedom 

And Father of the University of Virginia." 

Isaac Shelby died July 18th. 

Gen. George Graham died . . . March 29th. 

General Graham was one of the most active of those 
who figured in the " times that tried men's souls." 
The following is from the slab of marble that covers his 
grave at Charlotte. 



OHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLLCfA. 59 

^'SACRED 

to the 

Memory of 

MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE GRAHAM, 

Who died 

on the 29th March, 1S2G, 

In the Sixty-eighth year of his age. 



He lived more than half a century in the vicinity of 
this place, and was a zealous and active defender of his 

Country's Rights 

in the 

Revolutionary War 

and one of the gallant twelve who dared to attack 

and actually drove 400 British troops at Mclntires, 

seven miles north of Charlotte, 

on the third of October, 1Y80. 

George Graham filled many high and responsible 

public trusts, 

the duties of which he discharged with fidelity. 

He was the people's friend not their flatterer 

and uniformly enjoyed the 

unlimited confidence 

and respect of his 

fellow citizens." 

'' First toll gate on the Mills's Gap, November 26th. 

1827. 

First toll gate on the Buncombe turnpike 
erected ...... Oct. 

Rev. Humphrey Hunter died . . Aug. 21st. 

For a sketch of the life of Mr. Hunter, see 1755, in 

this work. ^ 



60 CHRONOLOGY OF NOETH CAROLINA. 

1828. 

James Faijntelroy Taylor died . . June 29tli. 
Macon County formed. 

1829. 

John Louis Taylor died .... Feb. 
Sherwood Haywood died .... Oct. 6th. 

1831. 

Principal jDart of the city of Raleigh burnt Jan. 7th. 
Capitol of the State at Raleigh burnt . . June. 
Insurrection among the negroes in the coun- 
ty of Southampton, Ya ^^g- 21st. 

This insurrection was at the instance of [N'at Turner, 
a slave belonging to Mr. Joseph Travis. He, on the 
night aforesaid, assembled together some fifty or sixty 
other negroes, and in cold blood butchered fifty-five 
white persons, on the borders of our State, in the county 
aforesaid. Nat was taken and hung on the 11th of 
November, 1831. See "Wheeler's History, vol. ii., p. 
210. The excitement spread like fire all through North 
Carolina, Tennessee, South Carolina, and even into 
Kentucky. 

1832. 

John Wheeler died. ..... Aug. 7th. 

From the papers of that day the following is copied : 
" Died, on Tuesday, the 7th August, 1832, at his resi- 
dence in the town of Murfreesboro, John Wheeler, 
Esq., Postmaster of said place, in the 62d year of his 
age. 



CnRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 61 

" He was one of the earliest inhabitants of the village 
in which he died ; he had seen it grow up from one or 
two scattering houses to the appearance which it now 
presents. In all his dealings with mankind, he was 
distinguished for his integrity of character and honesty 
of purpose. As a citizen, he was faithful to every trust 
committed to his care ; as a Christian, he was an hum- 
ble and devout member of the Baptist church for above 
thirty years ; as a father, he was land and indulgent to 
his numerous family; and as a husband, he was always 
aflectionate. In all his relations to society he sustained 
an unblemished reputation ; he lived respected by all 
who knew him, and died deeply mourned by a large 
circle of friends and acquaintances. During his long, 
severe and fatal illness, he manifested the utmost pa- 
tience and submission to the decrees of an all-wise 
Providence. He retained his faculties to the last mo- 
ment. When the hand of death pressed upon him he 
was conscious of the touch, and did not shrink from it. 
He embraced his affectionate relations, who were mourn- 
ing around him, and composedly bid them ' farewell ;' 
he said that he felt that he was dying ; that it was not 
so hard to die as he had thought ; that he was not afraid 
to die; that he knew he was 'going to an eternal rest.' 
Such was the triumphant end of this good man." 

The above was the father of Col. John H. Wheeler. 

1833. 

Bank of the State of K. C. incorporated. 
Wilmington and Raleigh Iw.lt. incorporated. 
Yancey County formed. 
Leonard Henderson died. . . . Au<r. 



62 CHEONOLOQY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Hon. John Hall died. 

Gen. Banastee Taeleton died . . . Jan. 25tli. 



For the following sketch of the life of Gen. Tarleton, 
I am indebted to Wheelers History, vol. ii., p. 
180: 

" Banastre Tarleton was born in Liverpool on the 
21st August, 1754. He commenced the study of the 
law, but on the breaking out of the war with America, 
exchanged the gown for the sword. He was with Lord 
Cornwallis in his whole campaigns in the South, and his 
daring intrepidity, indomitable energy and military 
ambition, greatly aided, if they did not secure, victory 
to the English arms at Camden. The ardor of his tem- 
per and daring received a severe check at the Cowpens, 
on 17th Jan., 1781, from General Morgan. 

"The capitulation at Yorktown (Oct. 1781), termi- 
nated his military career. On his return to England, 
he entered public life as a member of the House of 
Commons from Liverpool ; in 1818, he was promoted 
to the rank of General ; and on the coronation of George 
IV., was created a Baronet and Knight of Bath. He 
was a daring officer, sanguinary and resentful in his tem- 
per. He married, in 1798, the daughter of the Duke 
of Ancaster and Kestevan. He died January 25th, 
1833, without issue. 

" Colonel Tarleton was in person below the middle 
size ; stout, strong, heavily made, large muscular legs, 
and uncommonly active in his movements ; his com- 
plexion dark; his eyes small, black and piercing." 
" Tarleton " is so well remembered, we give him this 
notice. 



CHRONOLOOY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 6Z 

1834. 

"Wake Forest College founded. 

This college was projected and is sustained by the 
Baptists. ,Wheeler, in his lEistory of N. C, says : 

" The father and founder of this institution is un- 
doubtedly the Eev. Samuel AYait, D.D., who was its 
first President, and continued so up to June, 1846. The 
Kev. William Hooper, LL.D., was his successor, and 
resigned in 1848, at which time the Rev. John B. 
AVhite, A.M., who had for twelve years occupied the 
professorship of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, 
was elected President. The institution lias gradually 
been gaining in public favor, is free from debt, and has 
the prospect of a speedy endowment." 

William Polk died .... Jan. 14:th. 

Gen. Kedar Ballard died . . . Jan. 16th. 

Hon. John Stanley died . . . Aug. 3d. 

Hon. Joseph Pearson died . . . Oct. 2Yth. 

James Grant died ... . . Nov. 3d. 

Merchants Bank, Newberne, incorporated. 

1835. 

Amendments to the Constitution of North 

Carolina ratified in Convention . . July 11th. 
Dr. Joseph Caldwell died . . . Jan. 27th. 
Hon. Hp:nry Seawell died . . . Oct. 11th. 
Raleigh and Gaston Il.R. incorporated. 

1836. 

Wilmington and Raleigh R.R. commenced. 

Davie County formed. 

Hon. HuTCHiNS G. Burton died . . April 2lBt. 



64 CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAEOLINA. 

1837. 

Davidson College opened . . . March. 

Hon. Willis Alston died . . . April lOtli. 

Hon. ISTathaniel Macon died . . . June 29th. 

It would be superfluous for me to attempt here to 
write anything on the life and public services of Hon. 
Nathaniel Macon. His biography has been written by 
Edward K. Colton, Esq., to which and to " Wheeler's 
History," the reader is referred. Let it suffice for me 
to say he was one of the most distinguished of Caro- 
lina's sons. He was, from 1801 to 1806, Speaker of the 
House of Eepresentatives, the only individual from 
North Carolina who has ever enjoyed this distinguished 
honor. 

Alfeed Moore, jun., died . . . July 28th. 

Hardy B. Croom and family perished in 
the shipwreck of the steamer " Home," 
on his way from New York . . . Oct. 9th. 

Mr. Croom was a native of Lenoir County, and gra- 
duated at the University in 1816. 

1838. 

Davidson and Wake Forest Colleges char- 
tered. 

Hon. John A. Cameron, of N. C, perished 
in the unfortunate steamer " Pulaski," on 
his passage from Savannah to Charleston, June 14th. 

1839. 

John Rex died Jan. 29th. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAKOIJNA. C5 

George Pollok died .... April 9tli. 

Gen. W1LLIA.M Lenoir died . . . May 6tli. 
Raleigh and Gaston U.K. finished . . July 4th. 
Cherokee County formed. 

1840. 

Gen. Beverly Daniel died. . . . Sept 13th. 
Wihnington and Raleigh R.R. finished. 
Common Schools established throughout the 
State by a state fund and county tax. 



1841. 

Owen Holmes died . ' . . . . June 6th. 
Caldwell, Stanley and Cleveland Counties 
formed. 

1842. 

Lewis Williamson died (in Congress). . Feb. 23d. 

Joseph Gales died May 24:th. 

Col. William E-obards died . . . June 17th. 
Rev. Dennis Lennon died. . . . July IGth. 
Hon. James Gustavus ADOLriius William- 
son died Aug. Tth. 

lion. Edward Jones died .... Auc:. 8th. 
Dr. Robert Williams* died. . . . N^ov. 12th. 

* The above-mentioned Dr. Robert Williams was a surgeon of the 
Revolutionary army. After this service, he rendered constant and im- 
portant civil services. lie was a member of the Convention at Hills- 
borough, 21st July, 1778, to deliberate upon the Constitution of the 
United States (which body rejected that instrument), and voted against 
its ratification with a majority of one hundred. 

lie was also a member of the Convention at Raleigh, 4th June, 1885, 



66 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Rev. William MoPheeters died . . 'Nov. Yth. 
Major Pleasant Henderson died . . Dec. 10th. 
Catawba, McDowell and Union Counties 
formed. 

1843. 

Great lire in Wilmington .... April 30th. 
Hon. Thomas Keenan died . . . Oct. 22d. 

Hon. Charles B. Shepard died . . Oct. 31st. 

1844. 

Gen. Paul Barringer died . . . June. 
Hon. William Montgomery died . . Nov. 27th. 
Hon. WiLLiAJii Gaston died . . . Jan. 23d. 

The following resolutions on the death of Hon. Wm. 
Gaston were unanimously passed by the General As- 
sembly of North Carolina, at the session of lS4:4c-4:5. 

" Besolved by the General Assembly of the State of 
North Carolina, that in the death of William Gaston, 
one of the Judges of the Supreme Court, the State has 
experienced a loss of one of its most patriotic citizens, a 
faithful public servant, and a learned and impartial 
judge. That in the course of a long and varied life his 
bright career is left to us an example worthy of imita- 
tion, and his unsullied character one of the brightest 
jewels of the State. 

" Resolved^ that the Governor of the State transmit a 
copy of these resolutions with the preamble* to the 

to amend the State Constitution ; and a member of either the House of 
Commons or Senate from 1Y86 to 1814-. 

He died loved for his virtues and respected for his services. 

* The preamble being long is not here given. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA.. G7 

family of the deceased, and that they be spread on the 
journals of both branches of the General Assembly." 

1845. 

"William W. Cherry died .... May 2d. 
Gen. Andrew Jackson died . . . June 8th. 
John Phifer died Oct. I8th. 

1846. 

Alexander and Gaston Counties formed. 
Col. Charles IIoskins of North Carolina 

killed at Monterey in Mexico . . Sept. 21st. 

Hon. Francis X. Martin died . . Dec. 10th. 

Hon. Louis D. Henry died. 

1847. 

Commercial Bank, Wilmington, incorporated. 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at Raleigh. 

J. H. X. BuRGwiN, Capt. 1st Begt. United 
States Dragoons, died at Taos, New Mex- 
ico Feb. 7th. 

Gen. Jesse Speight died .... May 1st. 

Capt. Samuel Potter died . . . May 29th. 

Gen. Lewis D. Wilson died in Mexico . Aug. 12th. 

Sergt. BicHARD H. Bogers of N. C. killed 

at National Bridge, Mexico . . Aug. 12th. 

1848. 

John J. AVheeden died . . . Jan. 14th. 

Hon. Joseph J. Daniel died . . . Feb. 

Merritf D. Crocker died . . . June 27th. 
North Carolina B.B. chartered. 



C8 CHRONOLOGY OF KOKTII CAROLINA. 

Turnpike from Salisbury west to the Geor- 
gia line incorporated. 

Cape Fear and Deep River Navigation 
Company incorporated. 

Fayetteville and Western Plank Road 
chartered. 

Alamance and Forsythe Counties formed. 

1849. 

Watanga County formed. 

Bank of Fayetteville incorporated. 

Charles Fisher died .... May 7th. 

James Knox Polk died .... June 15th. 

Joshua Foreman died . . . . Aug. 4th. 

1850. 

Rev. JosiAH John Finch died . . . Jan. 21st. 

Mr. Finch was an able and efficient minister of the 
Gospel of the Missionary Baptist denomination ; his 
biographer says : 

" Few men combine so many of the true elements of 
ministerial excellence as were to be found in the charac- 
ter of Rev. J. J. Finch ; he was dignified in deport- 
ment ; graceful in gesture ; clear in conception ; sys- 
tematic in arrangement ; simple and chaste in language ; 
distinct in articulation ; forcible in delivery, with a 
sweet mellow voice, and commanding personal appear- 
ance." See Finch's Sermons, p. 14. 

Marmaduke Williams died . . . Oct. 29th. 

Richard Dobbs Spaight died. 
Jackson, Madison and Yadkin Counties 
formed. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOliTII CAROLINA. Gd 

Bank of Washington incorporated. 
Bank of Wadesborougli incorporated. 
Neuse Eiver Navigation Co. incorporated. 

The following beantifnl lines on the death of lion. J. 
C. Calhoun, were written by William W. Ilolden, Esq., 
of Raleigh. Mr. Calhoun died March 31st. 

" The voyager on the southern main 

Views with rapt awe the hallowed sign 
Which nightly flames ' beyond the line,' 
Nor deems the labor all in vain 

Which brings him to that long sought shrine. 

" The various tribes, in field, by flood, 
Walk in its light when day is done. 
And hail it in its high abode. 
Best reflex of the absent sun. 

" In all their devious wanderings. 

From dewy eve through midnight's reign, 
It guides them till the morning's wings 
Shed sunlight o'er the earth again. 

" What if that cross its front should veil. 
And darkling sink in night's embrace. 
Nor other stars nor sun could fill 

Or share its wondrous dwelling place ? 

'* Star of the South ! 'twas thus with thee. 
To thee all eyes and hearts were turned 
As round thy path, from plain to sea. 
The glory of thy greatness burned. 

" Millions were drawn to thee and bound, 
By mind's high mastery millions hailed 
In thee a guide-star, and ne'er found 
A rny in thee that waned or failed. 



70 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

" Fixed as that sign which hangs in heaven, 
Firm as tlie earth it shines upon, 
Pure as the snow by hght winds driven, 
Wert thou, Columbia's honored son. 

" No night's embrace for thee nor pall 

But such as mortal hand hath wrought ; 
Thou livest still in mind, in all 
That breathes, or speaks, or lives in thought. 

*' Star of the South, thy beams are here, 

Here in this heart that weeps thy loss ; 
Though hidden, thou art still a sphere, 

Serene, refined from earthly dross. 
Eternal and intensely clear," 

1851. 

Hon. Augustus Moore died in April. 

1853. 

Hezekiah G. Leigh, D.D., died . . Sept. ISth. 

In the cliapel of Randolph Macon College, Yirginia, 
inserted in the wall on the left of the rostrum is a mar- 
ble cenotaph bearing the following inscription : 

" Sacred 

to the memory of 

KEY. HEZEKIAH G. LEIGH, D.D. 

He was born in Perquimans Co., ]N". C, Nov. 23, 1793, 

professed conversion in 1817, 

joined the Yirginia Conference in 1818." 

1854. 

Bank of Clarendon, Fayetteville, incorporated. 
Bank of Wilmington, N. C, incorporated. 
Wilson, Polk and Harnet Counties formed. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 71 

Hon. EoBERT Strange died . . . Feb. lOtli. 

Judge Strange occupied various positions of power 
and usefulness in North Carolina ; he was in the United 
States Senate from 1837 to 18-11 ; was Judge of the 
Superior Court from 1826 to 1836, and was w^hen he 
died Solicitor of the Fifth Judicial District, N. C. 

Hev. Evan E. Freeman died . . . April 8th. 

Kev. Evan E. Freeman was born in Granville County, 

August 15, 1820 : was converted to God and joined the 

M. E. Church in 1839 ; entered the itinerant Methodist 

ministry in 18^13 ; and died in Pittsylvania, Ya., April 

8th, 1854. 

« 
Hev. James McFarland died • . . . July 17th. 

The Ptev. James McFarland was born Feb. 22d, 1813, 
in Mecklenburg County, N. C, and in early life re- 
moved with his parents to Tennessee and settled in 
Haywood County. In the autumn of 1831, he professed 
conversion and joined the M. E. Church ; he was 
licensed to preach in 183-1, and continued to labor with 
great acceptability and usefulness, first as an itinerant, 
and then as presiding elder, up to near the time of his 
death. 

Rev. P. C. Browder died .... July Slst. 

The Rev. P. C. Browder was born in Iredell County, 
Sept. 2d, 1821: ; was licensed to preach in 1850; in 1851, 
was married to Miss M. E., daughter of the Rev. John 
Watts, an amialjle and })ions lady ; lie labored faithfully 
and successfully in the ministry until ho was ])rostratcd 



72 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

by sickness on 22d July, 1854 ; he suffered extremely 
until the 31st., when he breathed his last. He died in 
peace with God and all the world. 

Samuel Patton, D.D., died . . . August. 

Dr. Patton was born in Lancaster District, S. C, 
January 27, 1797; was licensed to preach in 1819, from 
which time he continued to grow in grace and popular 
favor. He was, in October, 1825, appointed presiding 
elder ; in 1846, he was chosen editor of the " Holston 
Christian Advocate," in which work he was faithfully 
engaged until his death. Mr. Patton travelled and 
preached several years in the western part of the State. 

For the four preceding sketches I am indebted to the 
" Annals of Southern Methodism for 1855," by Eev. C. 
F. Deems of N. C. 

1855. 

Dr. S. B. EvERiTT died .... May 31st. 
Nathaniel M. Carrington died . . Dec. 3d. 

Alston A. Jones died .... Dec. 12th. 

1856. 

Mrs. Fanny Pearce, of Fayetteville, INT. C, 

died in the 68th year of her age . . April 16th. 
Col. Willie M. JSTelson died . . . April ISth. 
Edward Outlaw died .... May 30th. 
ISTathaniel M. Alston, died . . . June 2d. 
Hon. John D. Eccles died . . . June I5th. 

Edward Morecock died .... July 13t]i. 
Pev. William J. Parks died . . . July 21st. 
Major Benjamin M. Selby died . . June 16th. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOliTII CAKOLTNA. 73 

Mrs. SKiiKNA Cux, of Onslow County, died, 

^^""'^ SI . ji,rie 30th. 

N. C. Railroad completed. 

Mrs. Susan Alexander died . . . June 12tli. 

The following is from the " ISTorth Carolina Argus," 
June 21st, 1856:^' Mrs. Susan Alexander, of Eevolu- 
tionary memory, departed this life in Mecklenburg 
County on the 12th inst. The ' Charlotte Whig' believes 
she was the only remaining relict (in that community) 
of ' the times that tried men's souls.' " 

Hon. JonN D. Toomek died . . . Sept. 2Tth. 

The following is from the ''Wilmington Commercial" 
of October 3d, 185G : 

" Death of Judge Toomer.— It is our duty to an- 
nounce the death of Judge Toomer, aged 72 years, 
which occurred recently at his residence near Pittsboro'.' 
We are among the many who personally knew his 
worth. IS'o man in this or any other country exhibited 
through all his life greater purity of character, or more 
consistency in all that is amiable and praiseworthy. 
With a generous, benevolent and sympathetic heart, he 
combined learning and eloquence in an eminent degree. 
We look for a proper tribute of respect to his memory 
<and a record of his public and private worth, to some 
other pen. For ourselves, we have always thought 
that official titles or positions added no dignity to 
Mr. Toomer. When we heard the name of John 
D. Toomer, there arose to our perceptions a character 
entitled to our affection, respect aiid admiration," 

4 



74 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAEOLTNA. 

1857. 

Hon. Preston S. Brooks, of South Carolina, 

died Jan. 27tli. 

The following lines are to his memory by a North 
Carolinian : 

" The golden bowl by death is broke, 

A pitcher burst in twain, 
The cistern wheel has felt the stroke. 

The noble Brooks is slain. 
' Star of the South,' thy tongue is still ; 

A nation mourns for thee : 
Who will, who can, thy station fill ; 

Who can so noble be ? 
Thou wert Columbia's honored son,, 

A patriot in deed ; 
A friend to thy dear native home, 

The South — a friend in need. 
Boldly her rights thou hadst maintained 

Through nature's darkest frown. 
On earth a wreath of laurels gained. 

In heaven a starry crown. 
" ShalloUe, If. C, March, 185Y." 

Hon. "William Hill died . , . . Oct. 29tl/. 

The following sketch is from a November (1857) num- 
ber of the " North Carolina Standard :" 

"The Late William Hill, — In onr last we briefly 
announced the death of William Hill, Secretary of State, 
His funeral took place at the M. E. Church, in this city, 
on Friday last, and w^as attended by a large concourse 
of people. The public offices at the Capitol, and the 
principal places of business throughout the city, were 
closed, as a mark of respect for the deceased. The 
funeral services were conducted by E.ev. Mr. Wheeler, 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTri CAROLINA. 75 

the minister in cliarge, who preached an impressive 
sermon from the following text : ' For I know that my 
Eedeemer liveth, and that He shall stand at the latter 
day upon the earth : and though, after my skin, worms 
destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God.'— 
Job, eh. 19 ; vs. 25, 26. 

" Partly from facts furnished us, and partly from our 
own knowledge, we are enabled to give the following 
brief biography of the deceased : 

" William Hill was born in Surrey (now Stokes) Coun- 
ty, K C, on the 23d of September, 1773, and died in 
Ealeigh on the 29th of October, 1857, being 84 years, 
1 month and 6 days old. 

" Of his early life little is known beyond the few brief 
reminiscences occasionally narrated by himself. His 
father, who removed from Caroline. County, Ya., was a 
Baptist minister, a sterling patriot and an honest man. 
During the war of the Eevolution, his stirring appeals 
stimulated the Whigs of his section. He was a chaplain 
in the American army at the battle of Guilford Court* 
House. His son AVilliam was then about eight years 
old, and he well recollected hearing the roar of the 
artillery, being only four miles distant from the field of 
battle. He has been heard to relate that a short time 
prior to this battle, a band of Tories called at his father's 
house, where he and his mother were, and inquired for 
his father. On being told that he was not at home 
they departed, avowing their intention to hang him if 
they found him. He had incurred their hate by his 
devotion to the patriot cause. He was a member of the 
Convention that met at Hillsborough in August, 1775, 
to improvise a system of government for the State. The 



76 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

maiden name of his wife, the mother of the subject of 
this memoir, was Eliza Halbert. She was a native of 
Caroline County, Ya. 

" The late Secretary had in youth but limited educa- 
tional facilities. He followed the plough for several 
months during the year to obtain money sufficient to 
pay his tuition at school the remainder of the year. At 
the early age of sixteen he taught school, thus improv- 
ing his mind while he earned a livelihood. 

" In the month of July, 1795, having obtained a letter 
of introduction from Mark Hardin, Esq., of Chapel Hill, 
afterwards Major Hardin, to James Glasgow, then 
Secretary of State, he came to Kaleigh and entered his 
(Glasgow's) office as a clerk. Associated with him in 
the like capacity was William White, Esq., who suc- 
ceeded Glasa;ow in office in 1798. He continued in the 
same position under Secretary White until about Janu- 
ary, 1803, when he was married to Miss Sarah, daughter 
of Col. John Geddy. Col. G. was a staunch Whig. He 
was captured by the British and imprisoned for a long 
time in Charleston, S. C. He was a member of the first 
Convention of the people held in the State on the 25th 
of August, 1774, at New Berne ; also of the Convention 
held at Hillsborough on the 21st of August, 1775 ; and 
he represented Halifax County in the State Legislature 
from 1774 to 1835. 

" A son and four daughters, all now living, were the 
fruits of this marriage. His wife died on the llrth of 
February, 1833. A short time after his marriage, he 
engaged in the mercantile business at Haywood, Chat- 
ham County, where he remained but a short time, re- 
turning to Raleigh during the year 1804. Here, for a 
while, he followed the same pursuit, at Eichard Smith's 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 77 

old stand, Mr. Smith being then his clerk. At the ses- 
sion of the Legislature of 1804-5 he was appointed a 
magistrate for Wake County. At the February term of 
the court of pleas and quarter sessions in the year 1806, 
he was elected Ecgister of the county ; and at February 
term, 180Y, lie was elected County Court Clerk, which 
office he held until he was elected Secretary of State in 
November, 1811, succeeding "William White, who died 
in October, 1811. 

"In the year 183-4 or 1835, he again married. His 
second wife was Mrs. Frances C. Blount, relict of Joseph 
Blount, Esq., of Chowan County. Her maiden name 
was Conner. She is a lineal descendant from John 
Archdale, a Quaker, who succeeded Philip Ludwell as 
Governor of Carolina in the year 1694. By this mar- 
riage there was no issue. She is still living. 

" At the burning of the old Capitol, in 1831, Mr. Hill 
succeeded, by strenuous exertions, in preserving the 
records of his office, and had them removed to what is 
now the site of the Deaf and Dumb Asylum. By labor- 
ing incessantly, he succeeded in arranging all his papers 
before the meetinc^ of the Lesjislature. 

" He held the office of Secretary of State, through all 
the mutations of party, to the day of his death. 

"Mr. Hill joined the M. E. Church in 1811, when 
Bishops Ashbury and Mclvendree preached in the old 
State House. He was baptized privately, by immersion. 
There was then no church building in Baleigh. The 
first church built here was that of Bev. Mr. Glendening, 
a Unitai-ian, and the building is now used as a shop. It 
is situated on Ilargett street, near the shop of David 
Royster, sen. The next church was the Presbyterian, 
and the next the Methodist. The only person now 



78 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

living in Haleigli wlio joined the cliurcli with Mr. Hill, 
is Wesley Whi taker, sen. 

" Mr. Hill was a sincere Christian. His leading 
characteristics were fidelity, industry, simplicity, hon- 
esty, integrity, benevolence and charity. But for the 
two last named virtues he might have amassed wealth. 
He was for many years a class leader and steward in 
the church of which he was a member. There was no 
gloom nor austerity in his religion. He was ever cheer- 
ful. He looked with leniency upon the failings of 
others, and never spoke harshly of them. Hegular as 
was his attendance at the sanctuary, his strict observ- 
ance of private duty was equally unremitting and 
methodical. Method, indeed, was one of his most 
prominent characteristics, and one of the main causes of 
his success in life. It is related of him that often on 
Saturday evenings, when he supposed no eye was on 
him except that of his God, he would kneel in his office 
at the Capitol to return thanks for mercies past, and to 
implore the Divine blessing upon the approaching Sab- 
bath. He was distinguished in a remarkable degree for 
his unifornl kindness and cordiality in his intercourse 
with his fellow-men. He was a man of naturally strong 
feelings, but he learned to control them. He was de- 
cided in his political principles — no trimmer or time- 
gerver, but he always treated others as he wished to 
be treated himself. It is believed that he never voted, 
either in county or State elections, to turn out an officer 
who had done his duty. It was owing to the fact that 
he was a good officer, an honest man, and a kind and 
courteous gentleman, and not that he courted favor by 
cringing to party, that he held his office so long. All 
esteemed him — none doubted his capacit}^ or his fidelity 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 79 

" When a good man dies, any incident, however tri- 
vial, iUustrative of his charater, is eagerly sought and 
treasured up by those who loved or admired him ; and 
the following anecdote occasionally related by Mr. Hill 
himself, will not be without interest. By it he incul- 
cated, both as a pleasure and a duty, a constant regard 
for the feelings of others and unvarying kindness and 
courtesy to all with whom he should chance to meet. 
He remarked that he who did this was often rewarded, 
even in this world. 

" ^[any years ago he journeyed to Tennessee, then an 
almost unbroken forest. At that time it was a perilous 
undertaking. Robberies were by no means uncommon, 
and Indian outrages were of frequent occurrence. The 
passage of the mountains, too, was fraught with danger, 
as there were but few roads, and they almost impas- 
sable. While there he met a widow lady with an 
infant, left by her husband's death in a land of strangers, 
friendless and alone. She was endeavoring to make her 
way back to her relatives in Carolina. Obedient to the 
generous impulses of his nature, he endeavored to secure 
her comfort and to shield her as far as he could, from 
the hardships incident to the journey, frequentlj^ carry- 
ing her infant for hours in his arms. In 1811, when a 
candidate for the office he so long and worthily filled, 
he was o])posed by a gentleman of deserved popularity 
and powerful family influence. Twice they received 
each an equal number of votes. Several members of 
the legislature were confined to their rooms by sickness, 
and a committee was appointed to visit them and obtain 
their votes. One of these gentlemen, a brother of the 
widow above mcntifnied, but an entire stranger to Mr. 
Hill, recollected hcanng his sister speak of the kindness 



80 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA, 

sliown her by him, and cast his vote, on that acconni, 
for William Hill. That one vote secured his election. 

" Mr. Hill had two brothers, one of whom is still 
living. The other was at the battle of the Horse Shoe, 
under General Jackson, and was called by the Indians 
* Captain Big John Hill.' He has been dead several 
years." 

In conclusion we append an article, published sev- 
eral years ago in the " Asheville Messenger," written by 
its editor, James M. Edney, Esq. : 

" William Hill, Secretary of State. — Peril aps 
there is not a gentleman in JSTorth Carolina who has 
held office so long, or given as general satisfaction to the 
whole State, through its representatives and his private 
business intercourse, as the one whose name stands at 
the head of this article. James Glasgow was the first 
Secretary of the State of North Carolina after the De- 
claration of Independence. He held that office till 
1798, and was succeeded by William White, who held 
it till removed by death in 1811, when the present 
Secretary took possession of an office that he has held 
without interruption, over forty years ! ever faithful, 
ever at his post. Mr. Hill was born in Surrey County, 
on Dan Kiver, in 1773, w^e believe, and was first recom- 
mended to consideration by a letter (now in the Se- 
cretary's office), from Mark Hardin to Glasgow. His 
father w\as a Baptist. Amid all the changes of political 
strife, the contention, ascendency and overthrow of par- 
ties in the State, and the consequent scrambling for 
office, the finger of proscription has never been applied 
to this now venerable citizen and faithful pnblic 
servant. In glancing at the order in wliich he has the 
books and papers pertaining to his office arranged, while 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 81 

paying him a visit in June last, we were struck with 
the order, precision, and inetliodical arrangement of 
everything belonging to this important public office. 
After years of labor, he has just completed the arrange- 
ment of every book and paper in his office in alphabeti- 
cal order. He begins with the counties commencing at 
A and going through, then he takes up the names in the 
same order ; then in the file of his papers, he takes up 
the years beginning with the first records at 1691:. Tlie 
counties are arranged from 1735, and State papers 
from 1776. A reference may be now had by him to 
anything pertaining to the history of the State and the 
Colony, that has been preserved, in a moment's time, 
for the last 157 years, now shrouded* in the gloom of by- 
gone days, and many and singular and woeful are the 
musty records that are now imprisoned and speechless 
upon his shelves. The first grants given by the State 
of North Carolina, were dated in 1777. Mr. Hill is 
now in a green old age,. and has little to hope from the 
pleasures of this fleeting world, more than that con- 
sciousness which is of more value than gold, of having 
honestly and faithfully performed, his part upon the 
stage of human action, with an e^^e single to truth, 
honesty, and the glory of his God. His probation 
upon the confines of this earth is fast approaching that 
point, ' where the good man meets his fate,' and 
evinces to the world the excellence of relii]:ion and the 
blissful reward of a virtuous and consistent course of 
conduct. Such men are a blessing to the world in life, 
glorify their Creator in death, and leave the world the 
better for having lived in it, and their friends ' not 
without liope.' Mr. Kill has long been a faithful at- 
tendant, a sincere worshipper, and a consistent member 

4* 



82 CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAKOLINA. 

of the Methodist Church. Long may he live to adorn 
her communion, and spread abroad in society the sweet 
influences of virtue, honor, and religion ; and when he 
dies, may his exit be calm, triumphant, and peaceful, 
for 

" * Death is the crown of life ; 
Were death denied, poor man would live in vain ; 
Death wounds to cure ; we fall, we rise, we reign. 
Spring from our fetters, fasten to the skies, 
Where blooming Eden withers from our sight. 
The King of Terrors is the Prince of Peace.' " 

WARM SPRINGS PAINTED ROCK CHIMNEYS. 

Tliese celebrated Springs are situated in old Buncombe 
(now Madison) County, on the French Broad, thirty- 
six miles below Asheville, and have long been known 
and extensively resorted to by Southerners during the 
summer months. The following is taken from the 
" Aslieville Messenger" of 1850 : 

" These Springs boil up in various places, in a low 
flat piece of ground immediately on the margins, 
or banks of French Broad and Spring Creek, two 
beautiful and limpid streams of crystal cold water. 
The temperature of the warm water of the springs is 
105'^, sufliciently hot to kill a fish or snake in three 
minutes ! These Springs were discovered some time 
anterior to 1800. They were first owned by William 
Keilson, senior, as early perhaps as 1801: ; afterwards 
by his son, I believe, and then by Captain Garrett, of 
South Carolina, who purchased them about 1817 : he 
held them ten years ; then Mr. G. K. Sisney owned 
them for four years, when in 1831 they became the pro- 
perty of James Patton, and have been used, owned, 
and occupied by James W. and John E. Patton, his 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 83 

sons, ever since. These gentlemen have greatly im- 
proved and popularized them. The present bnilding is 
a most beantifiil one ; 230 feet long, two stories high, 
with a piazza fronting the -river, studded with thirteen 
massive columns, 20 feet in height. The dining-room is 
40 by 80 feet ; the bar, ball, and dancing rooms are all 
airy, spacious, and comfortable. In addition to this, 
there are six other small brick buildings for families 
and single gentlemen, all beautifully situated on a level 
surface or green lawn, in a line grove of locust and 
other forest trees, set out by the proprietors. The estab- 
lishment accommodates comfortably two hundred and 
iifty persons, and two hundred and forty can be seated 
at the dining tables at one time. The improvements 
were made at great expense, and the main building, 
with a stable 60 by 160 feet, were burned down, Sept. 
IS, 1838 ; but, by great efforts, were re-opened July 1, 
1839. The largest number of visitors was from 1833 to 
1838. The great 'panic' then came on, new springs 
were discovered, which, with other causes, greatly les- 
sened the number annuall3^ Last year, 1849, w^as the 
most prosperous for many. The proprietors erected a 
good bridge across the river in 1832, and rebuilt it in 
18-12. The Fi'ench Broad at this point is about 420 feet 
in width, tolerably rapid and at one place quite deep. 
The buildings are beautifully located, 60 yards from the 
river ; a beautiful lawn, gravel Avalks, etc., intervening. 
In the rear, a large scope of iinely-cultivated lands ap- 
pear, which are gradually succeeded by sloping hills 
and towering mountains. Visitors will always' here 
find all the luxuries of tine air, line water, lisli, venison, 
and whatever else the country affords. 

" J'he Vicinity. — The vicinity around tlie Springs is 



84 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

grand and picturesque. ' Mountain Island,' two miles 
above the Springs on the main road, is one of the pret- 
tiest we have ever seen ; it is perhaps half a mile in 
length, and is reall}^ a little mountain^ carpeted and de- 
corated with all that rich variety of evergreens, forest 
trees, shrubbery, flowers, etc., which nature so lavishly 
bestows on our mountains generally. The river below 
is smooth, deep, narrow, and polished as a mirror for 
some distance, wdien it breaks up, as above, into beau- 
tiful, dashing, sparkling cascades. The ' Paint ' or 
'Painted Pock^ properly, is ^^^ miles below, and is on 
the line between Buncombe and the ' Old I^orth State,' 
and Tennessee. On this rock, about twenty feet from 
the ground or road, is what resembles red painty in 
irregular curvatures or lines ; these face the river and 
the road, and have been much mutilated by inquisitive 
visitors. This rock is about 200 feet in height, formed 
of regular strata, which seem to have been jarred or 
broken, by some terrible pressure, into pieces or seams 
of every imaginable size, horizontally and perpendicu- 
larly, east and west, north and south ; parts of which 
are perpendicular from and others actually hang over 
the road, astonishing the beholder below ; and well it 
may, for portions of it occasionally fall off into the road 
or river. The top of this rock may be easily attained 
from the north side. 

"Winding our way along the margin of this most wild 
and restless foaming river, w^e reach, after another mile's 
journey, what are called iho,'- Chimneys.'' About a quarter 
of a mile before doing so, the road seems to be hedged up 
entirely, and an outlet to the visitant seems impossible, 
as the river spreads out to a great, width, and dashes up 
its spray — apparently for a great distance — directly 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 85 

against the ^ Chimneys j"* but by pressing on, as in climb- 
ing winding stairs, there is a way opened for him, and 
he soon finds himself standing ' on a narrow neck of 
land,' built up of stones and dirt by human hands, and 
upon his left, the beautiful but wild and terrific French 
Broad, leaping and dashing in its onward career for the 
great Father of Waters ; and upon his right, rising pre- 
cipitously and perpendicularly to the astonishing height 
of 400 feet, stand, in their natural sublimity and gran- 
deur, the far-famed ' Cldmneys? At the highest point, 
broken and disjointed, rocks stand out as if unsustained 
in mid-air, and the least motion would send them di- 
rectly into the road, which, at some points, does not 
exceed 12 feet in width ! rendering this the last place 
we should want to cry out for ' mountains and rocks to 
fall on us,' unless we wished to depart ! We have crept 
under the Kiagara Falls, and listened w^ith awe and 
solenm veneration to tlieir unceasing thunders ; wan- 
dered about the Devil's Hole, visited the liickory-lSrut 
Falls, Table Hock, and a thousand other wonderful 
manifestations of natural sublimity ; but have never 
seen anything in the shape of a rock that penetrated 
further into the sublime than do portions of the ' Chira- 
neys.^ These rocks, like the ' Pcdnted^ seem to have 
been formed by (to use a new phrase) the rock-forma- 
tion process^ and to have been shivered to atoms by 
some master-stroke of volcanic thunder! So much is 
this the case that thousands of pieces, in square, dia- 
mond, oblong, and almost every conceivable shape, 
have fallen oii' or out, and are scattered in ever}' direc- 
tion below, and are composed of almost every species, 
from white Hint to soft sandstone. Various scribblers 
have exposed tlieir names on these rocks, which may be 



86 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

considered as decaying mementoes of departed ' greens.'^ 
The hills and crags near by are great resorts for the 
turkey buzzard ; these congregate here, especially at 
night, in great numbers, and ' waste their sweetness on 
the desert air.' The sight of the Chimneys, from the op- 
posite side of the river, is a most charming one. The ap- 
proach to the Springs from Asheville covers almost every 
species of beautiful scenery. It is remarkable that on 
the north side of the river, all the way down, the water 
from the Springs is particularly warm and bad; on the 
other side, good. Two miles below the Springs, there 
is an exception — on the north side ; here there is a good 
spring. On our way down we met 373 head of Ken- 
tucky cattle in one drove ; and at the Springs saw in 
another drove^ four hundred duchs ! We leave the 
reader to judge wdiether these latter were of the ' cold 
water cure^ or the ''quack'' fraternity! But to the 
French Broad, beautiful and lonely stream, I turn, and 
turning, repeat the verses of Moore : 

" ' Oh, I have thought, and thinking, sighed. 
How like to thee, thou restless tide, 
May be the lot, the life of him. 
Who roams along thy water's brim ; 
Through what alternate shades of woe, 
And flowers of joy, my jyath shall go ! 
How many an humble, still retreat. 
May rise to court my weary feet. 
While still pursuing, still unblest, 
I wander on, nor dare to rest.' 

Flow on, thou beautiful river, and bear on thy palpitat- 
ing bosom the dew-drops of '' Pisgali^ the tears of the 
far-famed ' Blacky and the gushing rills of Old Bun- 
combe's thousand hillsides, as pure and spotless as the 
hearts that innocently throb in the angelic bosoms of 



CHKONOLOGY OF NOKTII CAKOLINA. 87 

your iiuniberless and charming daughters ; till you, 
like they, shall, after life's fitful visions and destined 
journey are ended, rest in the haven of your last re- 
pose ; one the mirror of earth, the other the light of 
heaven." 

\^Fi'om the ^^ Asheville Messenger^^'' 1857.] 
THE BLACK MOUNTAIN. 

The Black Mountain! Who has not heard of it? 
"Who among ns has not seen it? Who that does not 
desire to see it and be upon it? Standing, as it does, a 
full head and shoulders above any mountain in America 
east of the Rocky Mountains — and it wonld do no dis- 
credit to the standing, elevation and character of any 
one west of them, if ''' BuncoTiibe^'^ is its mother and 
Yancy its godfather ! Above the dark blue sea, whose 
waters never rest, its snmmit sleeps in undisturbed 
serenity and composure, at an elevation of 6,672 feet; 
and whilst the sea rocks, washes and scours the great 
bulk of the known world, it rises, like some tall clifl', 
with a grandeur and sublimity that defies competition ; 
it opens the rain clouds, peers out above the storm, 
husbands the ice and snows of winter, gives life and 
beauty to a perpetual green verdure, carpets itself 
with a dark green moss, is first to challenge the admira- 
tion of the sun and last to witness his departure, receiv- 
ing the first and last kisses of his golden rays at morn 
and even. Who would not stand upon the top of such 
an honored and time-worn patriarch and view a land- 
scape, from centre to circumference, which for its beauty, 
variety, extent and sublimity, is, ]>erhaps, in unadorned 
nature, unsurpassed by any in the known world ? There 



88 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

are not many reading persons who have not heard of it ; 
not a great many among us who liave not had glimpses 
of it from some point ; but there are hundreds and 
thousands w^lio were born and have been raised within 
thirty miles of it, who know as little about it (more than 
that it is the "Black Mountain"), as they do about the 
'^ mountain in the raoon^'' and without being particu- 
lar, we were among the number, though old enough for 
king, priest, patriarch, or president ! We had for years 
desired to wipe off the reproach ; but one misfortune 
and another deprived us of the opportunity till Thurs- 
day, the 23d of October, 1851, w4ien, after failing to 
induce several friends to accompany us, on account of 
the cold, the weather being a little frosty, we mounted 
our '^^hall against the field^'' swung the "Alpine horn " 
about us, and in company with Mr. A. S. Merrimon, 
we struck the " loindirig way^'' chiming to ourselves : 

" Away ! away ! to the mountain brow, 
Where the streams are gently laving; 
Away! away!" etc. 

"We left Asheville at 10 o'clock a.m., and with a 
moderate ride reached the " Lodge," a handsome im- 
provement made at " Whitaker's Spring," on a spur of 
the Black Mountain, twenty-four miles from Asheville, 
at 6 P.M., having secured on the way the services of 
Mr. Jesse Stepp, as guide. Here, after gazing for some 
time with an almost bewildered astonishment upon the 
grandeur of the scene, the general beauty of the site, 
the improvements in that wild and terrific, mountainous, 
howling wilderness, and more particularly upon the 
indescribable grandeur — the heaven-inspiring beauty 



CnRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAKOLIXA. 89 

and more than earthly splendor of (if we may be al- 
lowed the expression) the foliage of a golden sun, 
setting in a clear sky, and whose disc had just dropped, 
like a globe of molten gold, into a sea of liquid silver 
behind a blue mountain, throwing up to heaven the 
bright rays of the two, the gold preponderating below, 
the silver above, in such a beautiful softness and deli- 
cacy, that a fresh blown rose in the month of August 
would have blushed and hung its head to its mother 
earth at the sight. Such a scene we may gaze upon, 
but cannot describe. Kaphael, Titian, Angelo or Kem- 
brandt, could they have witnessed it, would have cast 
their brushes to the four winds, their colors to the earth, 
sighed for immortality, given up the ghost in despair, 
and been buried, like Aaron, on a " high mountain " in 
the suburbs of this new earthly Jerusalem, where the 
plaintive requiem of the heavenly winds would have 
chanted their funeral dirge to the end of time. We 
partook of a plain repast, found our thermometer at 
thirty-four, retired to rest, and at half-past four the next 
morning got up and prepared for the ascent. Starting 
at a quarter before live, we made our way up the steeps 
of the mountain, keeping the winding of the only path 
on it, under the dark foliage of the millions of balsam 
trees that cover it like a cloak for miles, as best we 
could ; now in it, and now out ; but " Excelsior " w^as 
inscribed on our hearts, and we were determined to 
reach " MitclicWs Pecik^'' which is the highest ]X)int, 
by sunrise. After we made the first long ascent, we 
gained the main ridge, leading to the ^''Potato Top^'' 
next in height to the Black; this we kept for some dis- 
tance, and then turned to the left, making a direct 
charge for the main top, and though the ground was 



90 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

crusted and icj, perspiration flowed freely ; but o'er 
rock, and crag, and earth, and moss, on, on, " onward 
and upward," we went, toiling to make the. ascent on 
one side, while the sun was bursting out from the eye- 
lids of morning with the velocity of lightning, to make 
his brilliant appearance upon the other ! Occasionally 
we gave a blast from our " liorn^^ which, though else- 
where clear and shrill, somehow had here lost its voice, 
and it fell powerless as one's breath against a strong 
wind ; we listened in vain for the echo, and if it ever 
found a home, it was in heave7i^ as our favorite sonsr 
says : 

"And again, shall echo in heaven again." 

Perhaps it did ; but we can't say. Diamonds and pearls 
are found by deep diving ; gold and brilliants by hard 
digging ; heaven by a long, boisterous journey ; almost 
everything valuable by hard labor, perseverance, or 
rigid application, in some way ; so is the summit of this 
beautiful mountain reached by a most tedious, circuit- 
ous, steep, long and tiresome ascent ; but at every turn 
new beauties enliven the scene and inspirit the pilgrim 
on his way to this prince of " Meccas." At last, we were 
ushered into an open plain, of some four or Ave acres, 
perfectly destitute of everything except grass, and the 
cold air struck us very sensibly while passing through 
it ; into the dark balsam forest we once more dashed, 
and in two or three minutes we shouted ^^ Eureka .^" for 
we stood upon the pinnacle of one of the highest moun- 
tains in America^ and very considerably nearer heaven 
than we ever expected to be while editor of a country 
newspaper! But so it was, and so was it once (editor 
excepted), with his brimstone majesty ! The atmos- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 91 

phere was clear and beautiful, nothing to mar the sight 
but a long, white and variegated cloud, that stretched 
itself like a curtain across, over, before and behind the 
hills and mountain peaks below us, wdiich was occa- 
sioned by the burning of the w^oods on the Swannanoa 
side. "VVe planted our guns, mounted the highest rock, 
and had hardly time to look round — a moment had not 
passed — till " the glorious and beautiful sun of the 
morning" peered up from the dappled east, with a 
" brightness of glory," a dazzling brilliancy, an inde- 
scribable splendor, a fiery flashing, that bafiies all 
description, and that we have seen nowhere else upon 
earth or w^ater — though we have often watched his ris- 
ing and setting at sea ; have seen him from hillside, 
from valley, from mountain and from plain, but never 
before did we see him as from the " BlacJv Mountain j''^ 
never did we behold him literally "taking the wings of 
the morning, and flying to the uttermost parts of the 
earth," gilding with a thousand hues the whole area in 
his gorgeous flight ; and though we did not realize that 
we were " in the mountain of his holiness," nor at '' the 
city of our God," yet we felt that " the God who rules 
on high" is a terrible, a mighty God in his majesty, his 
handiworks, and his omnipotence, and we involuntarily 
exclaimed, " Great are thy wondrous works!" In this 
instance we did not behold "His footsteps in the sea;" 
nor see him "riding on the storm," 3'et we saw him 
shooting his moral light from hill to hill, from mountain 
to mountain, and from valley to valley, w'aking up, call- 
ing to action millions of his creatures. Under these 
reflections, we turned and saw the rays of his sutj dash- 
ing from mountain to mountain ; now here, now there ; 
tip])ing this peak, glancing that cliif, yon precipice, that 



92 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

hillside; and anon, as with one blaze, he spread his 
omnipotence o'er the whole scene, leaving nothing, as 
far as the eye could see, npon which his rajs and his 
brightness did not fall. We fixed onr eye, like an eagle, 
steadfastly on him, and there seemed to be a fiery flash- 
ing, a brilliant revolution going on, increasing in velo- 
city and brightness, not round and round, but from the 
circumference to the centre, that we never before wit- 
nessed — it seemed to be a rolling up of his brightness, 
yet an increase of his light. Higher and higher he as- 
cended, and now the mists began to clear away in the 
distance, and one object and another in rapid succession 
presented themselves, till we thought of the poet when 
he said : 

" And still new beauties may I see, 
And still increasing light ;" 

and so it was, for in the east our eyes glanced rapidly 
upon the Blue Ridge, Table Mountain, Hawk Bill, 
Brushy Mountain, the Grandfather, Turkey Cock, and 
a multitude of others, apparently rising in the distance 
till the ground became one vast plain, as level, as blue, 
as beautiful as the sea ; on the north, the Bald, the 
Tennessee, and the Paint Mountain, were glistening in 
the sun ; on the west, the Craggy, the French Broad 
Eange, Pisgah, Hog Back, Looking-Glass, Glassy, etc., 
studded the picture; on .the south, the highest peak of 
the Alleghanies, the " Pinnacles," Rocky Knob, Slaty, 
Grey Beard, Bear Wallow, Sugar Loaf, and a hundred 
others, appeared in every imaginable hue, and measur- 
ing aiid filling every descriptive height. From this 
point may be seen, on the east, and immediately under 
it, the rise of the Toe River, and just beyond, the beau- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 93 

tiful Catawba; on the north, CaneyKiver; on the west, 
Ivy and Laurel ; on the south, the limpid Swannanoa, 
whose waters lielp to swell the nii^^lity Mississippi. 

"We made the ascent from the " Lodge," by a press- 
ing walk, in forty minutes. We tlien climbed the 
highest balsam, on the higliest point, with our head two 
feet above its highest twig, and wdth Mr. Merrimon in 
another, we gave, in succession, three cheers each, for 
the United States, Millard Fillmore and William A. 
Graham., the Old ISTorth State, Professor Mitchell, Moun- 
tain Boys and Euncombe Lasses ! After which, at the 
top of our voice, and that topped everything else just 
there, we sang, alone and " in our glory," Hail Colum- 
bia, The Old North State, and Some Love to Koam, etc. 
As trophies, we took the two top twigs and descended, 
having realized " glory enough for one darj f^ and to do 
something for so great a place, and to immortalize our- 
self, we have engaged Mr. Stepp, at our own expense, 
to open an avenue on the extreme edge of the precipice, 
and entirely round the next highest point southeast of 
the Potato Top, to which nothing has ever been done, 
and it is almost impossible now to penetrate it; yet it 
is the most precipitous, terrible, and presents one of the 
finest southern and eastern views of any point from the 
mountain ; and it will be one of the most beautiful and 
picturesque views yet made accessible on these Avouder- 
ful, heaven-ascending and- magnificent mountains. It is 
soon to be completed, and will be well worth a visit 
from every pilgrim who climbs those heights. We say 
now, as one of old, " go and see, for tlie half has not 
been told you," and it never can be. Go and see the 
''BlackP Go. 

The only inhabitants we saw on these high points 



94: CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

were pheasants, cross bills, (a merry little bird, whose 
bill crosses, and compels him to turn his head aside 
when he picks up his food) and mountain boomers, a 
sort of squirrel. Hogs are deterred from ever pushing 
their snouts to this height, owing to the warm and affec- 
tionate embraces they have doubtless often met with 
here from " Bruin," who lords it in these dark recesses, 
in his own way, and sets everything at defiance. 

After feasting our eyes to intoxication, we made our 
way back and ascended the Potato Top. In making 
the trip up the Swannanoa, this mountain stands square 
across in front of the Blacky and entirely hides it from 
sight, and is so called by its highest point resembling a 
bunch oi Irish potato tops; the Black derived its name 
from the everhasting l>lach oijjpearance it presents, by 
being covered with balsam both winter and summer. 
From the Potato Top, a most picturesque eastern and 
western view presents itself, including the Catawba, 
Toe Kiver, Swannanoa and Homony Yalleys. Marion, 
Horganton, and Burnsville can be seen from the Black. 
On the Potato Top, one may stand in a moment in the 
counties of Burke, McDowell, Buncombe and Yancy, 
all of which corner there. The contrast between the 
Black and the Craggy, both of which lock arms, is 
strikingly beautiful. The former ever stands in its dark, 
precipitous, gloomy and sombre hue ; the latter, with 
its beautifully sloped and curved top, its numerous 
pointed and peaked ridges, some of which are naked 
and barren, others wearing heavy foliage, and the whole 
presenting quite a lively and animated appearance, 
though of a bronzed and greyish hue. "We took a long, 
lingering look all round and commenced the descent, 
and at 9 o'clock we were seated at the " Lodge," erected 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 95 

by William Patton, to a repast for which we had an 
iinnsual relish. At 10, we commenced the descent, 
and at 12 reached Mr. Sepp's, and partook of a most 
sumptuous dinner, at a table graced by a handsome, 
sprightly lass, daughter of our host. At 6^ p.m., we 
were pleasantly seated at our own table, fatigued, but 
delighted w^ith our two days' journey. 

BUNCOMBE MEN. 

The publisher, by permission of the author, finding, 
after this work was mostly in type, that a few pages 
w^ould be wanting to give it proper form, hastily, and 
without the possibility of consulting either persons or 
papers, wrote out, from a bad memory and amid a mul- 
tiplicity of business engagements, the following sketches 
of a few of those deserving notice in a w^ork like this 
who were among the first and the useful citizens of the 
" good old State of Buncomhe^'^ " away out WestT The 
particulars in the notices of George Swain, Andrew 
Erwin, and Eev. George Newton he obtained from 
Hon. D. L. Swain, w^io has a greater collection of inci- 
dents in the history of his own State than any man in it, 
and who, it is hoped, at some future day, will be able to 
place them in permanent form, for the benefit of pos- 
terity. For want of proper data, he has placed these 
Buncombe sketches in this part of the work, under one 
head, with the exception of the above mentioned, which 
appear under date of 17GG — only one of them, Mr. Mills, 
properly belonging there — but owing to delay in receiv- 
ing manuscript, the others were put there in order to 
meet a necessity in printing the work. 

David L. (son of George) Swain was born in the 



96 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

neigliborhood of Aslieville, on the 4tli of January, 1801. 
He was prepared for college at Newton Academy, en- 
tered the junior class in the University in August, 1822, 
where, on account of ill health and narrowness of re- 
sources, he remained only a few weeks. 

He read law under the direction of the late John 
Lewis Taylor, Chief Justice of North Carolina, was 
licensed to practice in the County Courts* in June, 1823, 
and in the Superior Courts in January, 1825. 

He represented Buncombe County, in the House of 
Commons, in 1821, 1825, and 1826. In 1827 he was 
the Solicitor of the Edenton Circuit. He resigned the 
office at the close of the spring circuit, returned to the 
House of Commons in 1828, and closed his legislative 
career in 1829. In 1830 he was a member of the Board 
of Internal Improvements. In December of the latter 
year he was appointed Judge of the Superior Court of 
Law and Equity, and held this office during the years 
1831 and 1832. He was Governor of the State in 1833, 

1831, and 1835. A few days before the expiration of 
his last gubernatorial term, he was appointed President 
of the University, of which he had been a trustee since 

1 832. He was a delegate to remodel the constitution 
in 1835. 

He married Miss Eleanor H. White, daughter of the 
late William White, Secretary of State, and grand- 
daughter of Eichard Caswell, the first governor under 
the State Constitution, on the 12th Jan., 1826. 

Governor Swain was always a close student, and re- 
markable for his kindness and courtesy to all ; careful 
and prudent in his walk and conversation, always look- 
ing upon the better side of things, and hoping for the 
best. In his religious opinions he is a Presbyterian. ■ 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA.. 97 

In politics lie has always exercised a sound discretion, en- 
tertaining the greatest respect for the opinions of others ; 
never violent ; his political affinities, when actively ex- 
ercised, were with the Whig party. For twenty-two 
years he has kept liimselt* aloof from parties, and con- 
fined his time and his studies to the great interests of 
learning and education, especially as connected with 
his own State, and the Univei'sity over which he has 
presided during this time with so much ability and suc- 
cess. By a prudent course of conduct he has accu- 
mulated a handsome property; showing that a well- 
spent life, though commenced in obscurity and poverty, 
seldom goes unrewarded, even in this life, and when it 
■does, it secures in that which is to come an inheritance 
tliat is " undetiled and fadeth not away forever." The 
Governor is in the enjoj^ment of good health, has a 
vigorous constitution, and promises yet the hope of 
great service to his State and country. He was a 
delegate to amend the Constitution of the State in 
1835. 

Rkv. Samuel Edney was born in Pasquotank County, 
in 1768. At an early age he became a convert to 
Christianity, under the preaching of the then despised 
and persecuted Methodists. His first serious impressions 
were from a dream, in which he found himself and 
all his brothers exposed to a raging fire, from which he 
alone escaped. This led him to serious reflections on his 
future state, and *' to flee the wrath to come." In 1790 
he received license to exhort and preach. In 1791 and 
1792 he travelled and preached. In the latter year, lie 
and Jonathan Bird were sent to Wilmington, and from 
thence to the " far West," or what was called the " Black 
Mountain Circuit," including all the western part of the 

6 



98 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

State, and a portion of Tennessee, where lie formed tlie 
acquaintance of Eleanor, daughter of William Mills, to 
whom he was married in 1793. Pie located in 1794^ 
but continued to preach up to the last week of his 
life. He died Sept. 17, ISM. He w^as ordained elder 
by Bishop Ashburj^, in 1813. He was the father of 
twelve children, eleven of whom grew up to maturity, 
and eight are still living. His eldest son, John Morriss, 
enlisted in the war of 1812 ; was honorably discharged ; 
married a Miss Foil of Augusta, Ga. ; went to merchaudis- 
ing, and subsequently went to Mobile and settled, where 
he died of consumption, in January, 1824, leaving one 
daughter, who now resides in Alabama, the head of a 
family. William W. Edney died July 22, 1822. Alson 
Mills Edney died Sept. 12, 1842— both of whom, wi^h 
father and mother, " sleep their last sleep " at Edney 
villa, IST. C, their old homestead. 

Samuel Edney, in making his trip from Wilmington 
west, filled an appointment, on the w^ay made for him, 
with this then high-sounding announcement : " Rev. 
Samuel Edney, an eminent Methodist preacher from the 
North, will preach," etc. This was without his know- 
ledge nntil he reached the place ; and finding " the 
whole country gathered together," was the most trying 
trial of his life, being young and inexperienced ; but he 
prayed to his Master, who never forsook him, wdiile his 
knees smote together, and his hands trembled for fear ; 
yet it was reported that the sermon made a powerful 
impression for good. At a later day, he gave, uninten- 
tionally, great offence, while preaching the funeral ser- 
mon of one of a numerous family by the name of Stepp, 
during which, w^hile in the height of his sermon, with 
great emphasis, he exclaimed, " Yes ! and after all these 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 99 

warnings from God, yon will go on, step by step, till 
you all go down to hell!" An explanation afterwards 
was necessary to redeem them from so terrible an end. 
He maintained his Christian walk for fifty-six 3^ears, 
and his ministerial for iifty^-.four. It was his cnstom to 
supply some appointment on Sabbath all through life. 
He preached monthlj^ for a number of years, at the 
"Newton Academy," near Asheville, a distance of 
twenty miles from his residence ; was a regular attend- 
ant of camp meetings ; the first one ever held in the 
County w^as upon his possessions, and his house was 
always the preacher's home. He lived, -as far as possi- 
ble, "at peace with all men," and, like Paul, labored 
diligently through life with his own hands. He was an 
acting magistrate for forty years, and perhaps tried and 
disposed of more cases than any other man in his County 
or State. He was the first, ajid continued, postmaster 
at Edneyville for twelve years. He inherited and 
raised a number of slaves, but not being able to govern 
them without chastisement, he parted with them, and 
shared the common toils of his neighbors in the support 
of a large fiimily, whom he loved and cherished till 
death. "He fought a good fight," was the first regu- 
lar Methodist preacher in that region of country, 
" finished his course with joy," and died in the triumphs 
of a living faith that never left him in his many trials ; 
often exclaiming, with a holy triumph, in his old age. 
" I have served God over fifty years, and have never 
seen the moment that I resjretted it, or was willing- to 
look or turn back to the beggarly elements of the 
world." 

"He preached in life, and cried in death, 
' Behold ! behold the Lamb !' 



100 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Servant of God, well done ! 

Thy glorious warfare's past ; 
The battle's fought, the race is won, 

And thou art crown'd at last." 

General Philip Brittatn was a man of a strong 
mind and constitution, and represented his constituents 
in "Various public offices; he was elected several times 
to the Legislature from Buncombe ; wiiile there, per- 
haps his last time, Henderson County was formed, and 
received its name at his suo-o-estion, after " Old General 
Henderson," a worthy citizen of the State. He was an 
industrious, enterprising, public spirited man. He mar- 
ried Sophia, daughter of widow Lewis ; raised a large 
family ; and died in 1848, at an advanced age. 

Col. John Clayton, of Mills's River, hlled many 
stations of honor and trust in his own County, and, per- 
haps, represented it in the Legislature often er than 
any other one man, and in both branches. He was 
magistrate and one of the County Court, in Buncombe 
and Henderson, for, perhaps, thirty years. He was a 
ruling elder of the Presbyterian Church for a great 
many years; raised a numerous family, and died in 
peace in 1857. 

Rev. James Askew was another early and old settler 
on Spring Creek ; he was an orderly, peaceable and 
nseful citizen, for a long serious of years, and maintained 
his Christian walk and conversation, as a Methodist 
minister, through evil and good report; he died in 
peace the 9th of January, 1852, aged 74 years; leaving 
a large family, and a good name behind him. 

James Johnson, of Mills's River, died the 2d of July, 
1852, in his 93d year ; a remarkable instance of the 
power of '' pure and nndefiled religion," over the human 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 101 

heart. Everybody who knew James Johnson, knew 
the powder that governed him was " from on high." lie 
was a living monument of grace and peace, and in his 
exit, " death had no sting." lie was a member of the 
Methodist Cluircb, and a "shining light" for sixty 
years or more. In the revolution, he served his country 
as well as his God, doing valiant service for both. A 
large circle of friends and relations liav^ inherited his 
virtues, and are emulatino: his examoles. 

Rev. IIuMPHRKY PosKY was by nature a man of 
remarkable parts ; a strong physical frame, and unbend- 
ing will, quick perception, and a mind peculiar for its 
originality, strength and activity. Perhaps no man in 
the back country, of his limited acquirements, raised in 
the wild woods, as he was, was his equal ; he was a 
member of the Baptist Church, one of its first defenders 
and pioneers ; and was able to make a strong impression 
upon any audience, even the most refined and culti- 
vated. He used a heavy sledge hammer, and wielded 
it with great power upon sinners. He left several 
descendants in the mountain region, and moved to 
Georgia, where he continued to preach until his death, 
which occurred several years since ; he was beloved 
and lamented. 

Jamks McConnkl Smith was the son of Col. Daniel 
Smith, and was the first white child born, west of 
the Blue llidge, in the limits of North Carolina. Mr. 
Smith was a man of untiring industry, economy, and 
perseverance. lie married Polly, daughter of Col. 
John Patton, settled at Asheville, at an early day, 
and commenced merchandising and farming, both of 
which he prosecuted successfully till his death in 1856. 
He heeded not the fashions of the world, but steadily 



102 CHEONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

pursued bis calling, and at his death left a large fortune 
for his children. Mrs. Smith died in 1843, respected 
and lamented. She was the mother of nine children, 
five of whom are still living — one, Mrs. Brown, at 
Washington, Texas ; she has been married three timeSy 
the first time to Mr. Hoke, who was killed by Mr. Hen- 
derson, at Lincolnton, in a fracas, several years* since. 
She now enjo}^^ a competency, and a bright hope of an 
inheritance where troubles and sorrows, never come. 

Col. J. Barnett settled on French Broad, seventy 
years ago, and was the first man to pilot or navigate 
wagons through Buncombe^ by putting the two hig 
wheels on the lower side ! sometimes pulling, sometimes 
pushing, and sometimes carrying the wagon! at a 
charge of $5 " for work and labor done." 

Beadon and Zebulon Baird were among " the old 
inhabitants," and were useful and respectable men, 
leaving descendants worthy their sires. They were the 
first merchants in Buncombe, and " imported" the first 
" Jewsharps," which were then as great a wonder as a 
Girafife would be now. James M. Smith told the writer 
of their giving him one, when a small bOy, which 
pleased him more than any present he ever received. 
" Gourd fiddles " were then in vogue, " puncheon 
floors," and " corn-stalk bows ! " The Messrs. Baird 
carried up the first four wheeled wagon ever seen in Bun- 
combe, which was in 1793, and was then a great curi- 
osity ; " slides " or " sleds " having been, in connec- 
tion, with "trucks" or " truckle wheels," the useful and 
ornamental vehicles in that rolling region of country, 
up to that time; one horse carts were the i^Qxt family 
carriage luxury ; they brought that wagon across the 
South Carolina or •' Saluda Gap," which was opened 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 103 

by Col. Earle, for the State of South Carolina, at the 
sum of four thousand dollars. This I'oad has gradually 
improved down to the present time, and is now a good 
road. The Messrs. Baird have long been sleeping with 
the silent dead upon the blue hills of their balmy days. 

Col. Ben. Davidson was another old and useful citizen, 
who spent a long and useful life among the companions 
of his early days, in old Buncombe. Many of his de- 
scendants are still in that region of our State, walking 
worthy of their vocation, among them Col. S. W. David- 
son, of Swannanoa, now in a green old age, enjoying 
the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. 

Capt. Thomas Foster, of Swannanoa, is still living, 
enjoying remarkable health and activity in his old age, 
of whom Bishop Abney frequently speaks in his visits 
to that region from 1788 to 1813. Mr. Foster is well 
and favorably known, and by a life of industry has 
accumulated a competenc3^ But he must soon follow his 
old friends who have gone before him to the spirit land. 

Col. James M. Alexander, who died the present 
year (1858), married a daughter of Capt. Foster, and 
lived the greater part of his life on Fi'ench Broad, below 
Asheville, where he accumulated a large fortune, raised 
and educated a highly respectable family. He was a 
member of the Methodist Church, and a liberal sup- 
porter of the same ; and extensively known as a most 
worthy and hospitable landlord, as well as a liberal 
public-spirited man and most worthy citizen. One of 
his daughters married George W. Baxtei*, Esq., since 
deceased ; and anotlicr, CoL John Baxter, now of Knox- 
ville, Tenn., heretofore favorably known in Iviithertbrd 
and Henderson Counties as a private and public citizen. 

John Johnson, of Mills's River, died in 1849, leaving 



104: CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA, 

a large circle of relatives and friends to lament his de- 
parture. Mr. Johnson was a plain, unassuming man, 
of sterling merits and virtues — such a man as would 
bless and better the condition of any communit}^ of 
people among whom he should sojourn. He adorned a 
Christian character by a strictly humble, obedient and 
faithful course and conversation, through a long life^ 
which terminated in great peace of mind and a bright 
hope of a blessed immortality beyond the grave. 

Col. Jamp:s M. Lowky, of Sandy Mush, was long and 
favorably known as an industrious and enterprising 
citizen, both in public and private. He served his 
Country in the legislature very acceptably a great num- 
ber of times ; was State Councillor ; and filled many 
other stations of honor and trust. Bishop Ashury said 
of him in his early days, 1802 i " I would here record 
that James Lowry, an agreeable, pious youth, rode with 
me for the last seventy miles. I feel truly grateful to 
him and to his lamily. May the same measure of kind- 
ness be always meted to him and his, and to all such 
affectionate young men, and feeling, attentive people.'^ 
His future conduct fully justified what was here said of 
him. He raised a large family to usefulness and re- 
spectabilit}" ; was a tried and faithful member of the 
Methodist Church for nearly a half century ; and died 
in peace in 1857. 

James Patton was born in the County of Deny, 
Ireland, Feb. 13, 1756, of poor, but respectable parents. 
His father was a farmer, and died when James was 
fourteen years of age. On the 4th of June, 1783, having 
resided with his mother up to this time, he embarked 
for America, and landed at Philadelphia August 3d. 
For six years, he labored at mining, well-digging, farm- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 105 

ing, working on the canals, grubbing, etc., and a good 
part of the time was sick, unable to do anything. lie 
was ^Ui stranger in a strange land f no friend, no rela- 
tion ; and, besides all this, had got in bad company ; 
once was made drunk ; was cheated out of all he had 
by gambling, and his case became almost desperate. 
But having fallen in with some good people, and re- 
ceived some good advice, he persevered ; so that, at the 
expiration of six years he had left about two hundred 
dollars. This he invested in a small "jt?«c^" of goods 
and a "j?<?n?//" the ^' pack'''' was put on the "jyc^???/," 
and the trio started on the tide for a fortune. But three 
miles had been made, when the ^'' pony^'* in place of 
crossing the dam at a mill, being driven by Mr. P., 
made directly into the mill-pond^ where water and mud 
were abundant and free ; the water at once ingulfed 
^' pony^'* and ^' pack^^'' and the mud below secured 
" pony's" heels; and but for getting his head or nose 
on a stump, he would have been drowned ! This was a 
conij.ilete mercantile baptism ! Assistance came and a 
rescue was made. This was in November, 1789. He 
made his way through to North Carolina, and on his 
way fell in and travelled with James Mclntyre, of Mor- 
ganton. In Wilkes, Burke, Buncombe, etc., he traded 
for several years — returning north to get supplies — 
taking in exchange for goods fur skins, indigo, feathers, 
etc., upon which he made a profit. In 1791, lie met 
with Andrew Irwin, who afterwards married his sister, 
went in business with him, and, after twenty years 
partnership, they dissolved and made settlement of a 
large estate in one day ! In 1792, he moved his mother 
and family to Wilkes County, and was afterwards instru- 

5* 



106 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

mental in bringing all liis brothers and sisters to Ameri- 
ca. In 179-i, lie married a daughter of Francis Bey- 
nolds, one of the first settlers on Yadkin Kiver. In 
1807, Mr. Patton and family, and Mr. Erwin, moved to 
Swannanoa (where Col. Thomas Patton now lives), and 
in 1814, moved to Asheville, w^here his mother, his w-ife, 
and himself, all afterwards died. Mr. P., though he 
grew rich, " never sold the widow'' s cow nor the poor 
Allan's landr He brought forward man}'- young men, who 
afterwards became useful and leading citizens ; among 
them, Andrew Irwin, Jeremiah Cleveland, George 
Jones, Wm. P. (" Long Billy") Smith, and others. He 
heeded well the maxim, " Stay at home and mind your 
own husinessP In his advice to his children, in his 
81th year, he says : " Although I have often erred, still 
I am pleased that God has blessed my weak means, and 
enabled me to give you some advice for your good. 
And may the God of Grace cheer and support me until 
the time of our separation on earth, and give me a life 
of blessed immortality beyond the grave. That you 
may live in harmony and peace wdth each other, and so 
spend 3^our lives in this world, that you will be pre- 
pared for that which is to come, is the w^sh of your 
affectionate father." 

By perseverance, his means increased, and after re- 
moving to Ashevalle he opened a store and hotel, and 
engaged in farming, all of wdiich he continued success- 
fully through a long series of j^ears, raising in the mean- 
time, a large and highly respectable family. His hotel 
was enlarged from time to time, and has long been 
known and kept up as the '^ Eagle Hotel^^ on the old 
site, and belongs now to James W. Patton. Only two 



CHKONOLOGT OF NORTH CAROLINA. 107 

of the children are now residents of the village; two 
are in the neighborhood ; and the others are all married 
and removed to various parts of the country. 

Mr. Patton was a man of untiring industry and 
•economy ; he lived as nearly up to the motto, " Ko 
moment unemployed," as, perhaps, any other man in 
his day; yet he was liberal and public-spirited, lending 
a hand to everything calculated to promote virtue, 
morality, and the public good. Bishop Ashury — than 
whom there were few better men, better judges of 
human nature, and few who could say so much in a few 
toords — thus speaks, in 1809, of Mr. Patton and Mr. 
Erwin, his partner: "Sabbath, Sept. 29th. At Bun- 
combe. I spoke on Luke xiv., 10. It was a season of 
attention and feeling. We dined with Mr. Erwin, and 
lodged with James Patton. How rich, how ;plain, how 
humble, and how hind P^ 

In 1831, Mr. Patton bought out and improved the 
Wann Springs, a celebrated watering place ever since, 
thirty-six miles below Asheville, on the French Broad. 
Mr. Patton was very inquisitive and very communica- 
tive, nearly always bettering and instructing himself or 
others by it; sometimes it was ''otherwise.''^ It was 
otherwise when a young man, who thought himself ex- 
ceedingly smart, after he had a half bushel full of salt, 
said to Mr. P., " Now, Mr. P., 1 will give you twenty- 
live cents to let rae tramp tha;t saW^ " Get in, my 
mon ; get in, my mon ; tramp away till you are satis- 
fied." The young man put in two not very femenine 
understandings, and by the force of gravity lowered the 
salt to one peck, or less; stepped out, with a peculiar 
wink, took hold of the spade, lifted it full of salt to 
refill the half bushel, when iiis arm was touched, and 



108 CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

Mr. P. remarked, " No, no, young mon; no, no, young 
mon ; yon gave nie two sliillings to ' tramp that salt /' 
not to fill the half bushel." It is currently reported 
that that yonng man never " tramped " another half 
bushel of salt for Mr. P., and that it was a bad invest- 
ment, at least for the time. It was " otherwise^'' when 
Mr. P. was improving the road near the Warm Springs. 
Having a number of men blasting and laying stone, he 
was out, w4th stick in hand, pusliing and prying every 
stone, to see if it were well placed ; and was warned 
not to trouble them ; but being determined to see that 
everything was well done^ in making a sudden push at 
a very unstable, and, for him, unfortunate stone, aided 
by the carelessness of a boy, it moved, and a slide from 
above took place ; and one or both of Mr. P.'s legs was 
so ''put upon^'' that several months of careful " knitting" 
was required to fasten and restore to their proper func- 
tions the ligaments and bones that suffered from the 
catastrophe occasioned by that inquisitive cane. 

At a subsequent period, he had- some men repairing 
pump-logs, through which water was carried from the 
mountain side to his hotel. Being in a deep hollow, 
the water j)i'essure w^as very great, being a pressure 
from both ends. Here, as in other places, there was an 
inch hole bored and a pin driven in, " to try the water^'* 
and occasionally to clean the logs ; w4iile the men were 
engaged near this, Mr. P. approached, and in his usual 
kind way commenced talking, inquiring, and making 
suggestions ; finally, his eye rested on the pin, and 
thinking it might not be thoroughly tight, he com- 
menced tapping, first one side and then the otlier, re- 
marking, "Is this tiglir, my men; is this tight, my 
men?" " You had letter let that alone, Mr. P.," said 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 10^ 

tliey, and by way of illustration of the latter remark^ 
the pin became suddenly, either from water or cane 
pressure, or both, unsettled, and made a pei-pendicular 
gyration in the air, removing a cei-tain liat, usually worn 
by a very clever old gentleman, that seemed to be just 
in its line of march, pi-eparatory to a showier batli^ 
which was administered with such extraordinary dis- 
patch and force, as to require the assistance of two or 
three men to elevate and transfer the gentleman with 
an inquisitive stick to another location. Yet, I don't 
know but the young man and Mr. P. himself were both 
'''' instruct etV and ''^hettereiV by these shrewd and mat- 
ter-of-course experiments in the journey of life — the 
young man was, no dotibt, made luiser ^ the old man, 
in the second instance, had several months' time allotted 
to him for reflection ; and in the third, shower-baths 
being considered healthy, and dry clothes pleasant and 
refreshing, he was none the worse of a change. 

The following lines upon a neat tombstone in the 
grave yard of the Presbyterian church at Asheville, 
furnish for us the sketch of his life : 

"In memory of James Patton, born Feb. 13, 1756, in 
County Derry, Ireland. Died at Asheville, N. C, 9th 
Sept., 1845, in the 90tli year of his age. lie was the 
founder of his family in America; an honest and per- 
severing man ; accumulating much property, without 
grinding the poor; pi-udently assisting his poor rela- 
tions, as well as bringing forward in the world many 
deserving young men." 

Jamks Guhgkr and Georgk Jonp:s are c>ld and highly 
respectable citizens and heads of large families ; both 
of whom will soon pay the debt of nature. 

Col. JouN Pa'iton, of Swauuanoa, who died some 



110 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

twenty years since, at his residence, within two miles 
of Asheville, was a man suited to the times — strong, 
active, and vigorous in body and mind, full of quick and 
generous impulses, enterprising, industrious, and public 
spirited. His influence was felt for good in the com- 
munity. His children were numerous and worthy their 
sire, several of whom are still living, and are now the 
heads of large and respectable families. 

John Woodfin, Esq., of Mills's River, the father of 
N. W. and J. W. Woodfin, Esqs., of Asheville, is now 
living, and the picture of health at a very old age. 
Simple diet, regular habits, the inhalation of pure moun- 
tain air, the use of crj^stal waters, with constant manual 
labor and out-door exercise, have all combined to pro- 
long his days. 

Col. John Miller, who was Clerk of the Court of Bun- 
combe for nearly a lifetime, was a citizen of French 
Broad, now Henderson County, and was an enterj) rising 
as well as a very popular man with the people. In his 
public and private capacity his character was unim- 
peached. He died, lamented, some twelve years since. 

Capt. Thomas Case, who died in 1849, in his 82d 
year, may be mentioned as one of that class of men who 
lived longer, easier, harder, and healthier, and left more 
descendants than perhaps any other one man among all 
the old settlers. His home was the mountain, his field 
the forest, his support his gun, " old Ned and corn- 
bread " his diet ; none of this world's goods and a clear 
conscience gave him a cheerful spirit, which, in his 
^'moccasins," "leather breeches," and "hunting-shirt," 
always exhibited itself. His banner was a " deer- 
skin," his luxury a fiddle; so that he went on his way 
through life rejoicing. Dyspepsia, hysterics, pneumo- 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. Ill 

Ilia, bronchitis, and the gout never knew where to find 
liis dwelling. IIo could joyfully sing 

" Xo foot of land do I possess," etc. 

In his old age he joined the Baptist Church, was bap- 
tized, and died in peace with the world and his Maker. 

Dr. Mitciikll. — The publisher could not consistently 
close this volume, without nuiking reference to one 
whose identity with the State revealed so many excel- 
lences, and he here appends what he prepared in 1857 
for a different publication. lie named the falls where 
Dr. M. lost his life " Mitchell's Falls," and by this name 
they will be handed down to posterity. These falls are 
forty-four feet in height, and the pool below fourteen in 
depth. 

Memorial. 

The Kev. Elisha Mitchell, D.D., was born in "Wash- 
ington, Litchfield Count}^ Connecticut, August 19, 1793 
— graduated at Yale College, in 1815 — appointed Pro- 
fessor of Mathematics and Natural Philosoj^hy in the 
University of North Carolina, in 1817 — married in 1819 
— ordained by the Presbytery of Orange, in 1821 — 
transferred to the Professorship of Chemistry, Mineral- 
ogy, and Geology, in 1825 — honored with the Doctor- 
ship in Divinity, by the University of Alabama, in 1810 
— appointed Bursar of the University of North Carolina, 
in 1835, and died June 27th, 1857. 

By measurement, Dr. Mitchell established the fact, in 
1835 and 1811, that the '' Black" was the highest moun- 
tain in the United States, east of the Bocky Mountains, 
being G,G72 feet above the level of the sea, and 214 feet 
higher than Mount Washington, New Hampshire. The 



112 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

liifi^liest point on the "Black" is called " MitchelPs 
Peak." 

In furthering his researches on this mountain in June, 
1857, and after making various surveys, he attempted 
to go down to Yancy County by himself (and was on the 
same track which led him there once before), when a 
rain storm and niglit overtook him, and while passing a 
precipice and waterfall on " Sugar Camp Creek," he 
lost his balance, went over the fall, and on the eleventh 
day after he left his son and daughter for Yancy, he 
was found in the limpid pool below, in a state of perfect 
preservation, and was, by almost superhuman exertions, 
carried on men's shoulders up the mountain for two 
miles, and then to Asheville, where he was interred, 
July 10th, to sleep and rise with the just at the great 
day. Having learned well, taught well, preached well, 
lived well, he " ceased to work and live," and now "he 
sleeps w^ell." 

"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord, for their 
works do follow them." 

Dr. Mitchell penned the following singularly pro- 
phetic words on a former visit to the Black Mountain, 
either in reference to the very spot where he lost his 
life, or to another close by : 

"The ascent to the highest peak of the 'Black' was 
the hardest day's work I ever performed. It was over 
one high mountain spur, and again into a deep valley, 
crawding through laurels, with two barometers, one a 
common mountain, and the other a Gay Lussac's, in 
hand. And when, about noon, I passed under a high 
shelving rock where the ground was bestrown with clean 
dry leaves beneath, and a clear rushing stream close by, 
1 could not help thinking what a cor}vfortable place it 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 113 

would he to die in. Wlien the necessary observations 
had been made, at four o'clock in the evening, and we 
began to descend, the clonds were gathering, and soon 
the rain poured down in torrents. We came to a tribu- 
tary of Caney River, and my companions could find no 
better way of getting along, than that of springing from 
rock to rock along the channel of the stream." 

On the 15th of July, 1S5S, the remains of Dr. Mitchell 
were exhumed, and on the 16th deposited on the Jdghest 
peak of the Black Mountain, known by his name, where 
they " sleep their last sleep." Bishop Oty, of Tennessee, 
delivered the funeral oration, and was followed by Gov. 
Swain in an interesting address, in the presence of a vast 
and deeply aftected concourse of citizens and strangers* 



APPENDIX. 



APPENDIX E. 



Governors of INortii Carolina from the Year 1Y76 
TO THE Present Time. 

PI chard Caswell, of 
Abiier Kash, 
Thomas Burke, 
Alexander Martin, 
Pichard Caswell, 
Samuel Johnston, 
Alexander Martin, 
Ptichard D. Spaight, 
. Samuel Ashe, 
"William P. Davie, 
Benjamin Williams, 
James Turner, 
Kath. Alexander, 
Benjamin Williams, 
David Stone, 
Benjamin Smith, 
William Hawkins, 
William Miller, 
John Branch, 
Jesse Franklin, 



Lenoir County, 


elected 


in 1776 


Craven * 




u 


1779 


Orange ^ 




(( 


1781 


Guilford ' 




(( 


1782 


Lenoir * 


' agai7i " 


1784 


Chowan * 




a 


1787 


Guilford ' 


' again " 


1789 


Craven ' 






1792 


New Hanover ' 






1795 


Halifax ' 






1798 


Moore ' 






1799 


Warren ' 






1802 


Mecklenburg ' 






1805 


Moore ' 


' again " 


1807 


Bertie ' 






1808 


Brunswick ' 






1810 


Warren ' 






1811 


Warren ' 






1814 


Halifax ' 






1817 


Surry ' 






1820 



116 



CHKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 





1824: 




1827 




1828 




1830 




1832 




1835 



Gabriel Holmes, of Sampson County, elected in 1821 

Hntchings G. Burton, Halifax 

James Iredell, Chowan 

John Owen, Bladen 

Montfort Stokes, Wilkes 

David L. Swain, Buncombe 

Richard D. Spaight, Craven 

These were elected by the General Assembl}^ The 
Convention of 1835 so amended the Constitution as to 
transfer the election of Governor to the people. The 
following is a list of Governors since that time, elected 
by tlie people : 

Edward B. Dudley, New Hanover County, elected 1837 

John M. Morehead, Guilford 

William A. Graham, Orange 

Charles Manl}^, Wake 

David S. Keid, Rockingham 

Thomas Bragg, Northampton 

John W. Ellis, Rowan 



a 



li 



a 



a 



a 



i( 



a 



a 



1811 
1815 
1819 
1851 

1855 
1858 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



117 



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a 

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w 

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f 

I— ( 






118 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



APPENDIX G. 

I am indebted to the kindness of the Hon. Warren 
Winslow, of Fayetteville, N. C, for a copy of the 
''North Carolina Standard," of March 25th, 1857, 
containing the following very valuable piece of in- 
formation : 

Speakers of the Senate and of the House of Commons 
OF North Carolina, from 1777 to 1856-7, in- 
clusive. 

An intelligent and well-informed friend, who takes 
an interest in statistics and in historical facts, especially 
such as are connected with our own State, has kindly 
furnished us for publication with the following list of 
the Speakers of the two Houses of the General Assem- 
bly, from 1777 to the present time. 

The Speakers of the two Houses, it will be observed, 
have been chosen for the space of eic^hty years from 
twenty-eight counties, to wit — Craven, Caswell, Chowan, 
Cumberland, Beaufort, Bertie, Brunswick, Burke, Edge- 
combe, Greene, Guilford, Granville, Gates, Halifax, 
Henderson, Iredell, Lincoln, Lenoir, New Hanover, 
Northampton, Mecklenburg, Onslow, Orange, Powan, 
Pockingham, Wake, Warren and Wilkes. It must be 
recollected, however, that a majority of these counties 
formerly contained much more territory than they do 
now, and that a number of new counties have been 
formed out of them. The longest continuous service of 
any of the Speakers, was that of Mr. Yancey, of Cas- 
well, who was Speaker of the Senate from 1817 to 1827, 
inclusive, eleven years. Mr. Piddick, of Gates, also 



CHKONOLOQY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 119 

served as Speaker of the Senate for eleven years, but 
not continuonslj for that length of time. Mr. Benbury, 
of Chowan, was Speaker of the House of Commons for 
six years ; and Mr. Cabarrus, of the same county, was 
Speaker of that body for the space of ten years. Cho- 
wan, including the service just mentioned of Mr. Ben- 
bury and Mr. Cabarrus, and three years of service by 
Mr. Iredell as Speaker of the Commons, and one year 
by Mr. Johnson as Speaker of the Senate, can boast of 
having given Speakers to the two Houses for twenty 
years out of the eighty years ; Caswell County stands 
next in rank in this respect, having had Speakers for 
seventeen years ; Gates next, eleven years ; Craven 
next, nine years ; and Lenoir next, eight years. Caswell 
had the Speakers of both Houses in 1819 and 1820 — 
Mr. Yancey of the Senate, and Mr. Sanders (now 
Judge), of the Commons ; and Row^an also had the 
Speakers of both Houses in 1830 and 1831— Mr. Cald- 
well (now Judge), of the Senate, and Mr. Fisher (dec), 
of the Commons. Chowan had both Speakers in 1789 
— Mr. Johnson, of the Senate, and Mr. Cabarrus, of 
the House ; and Chowan and Gates together, had the 
Speakers of the two Houses from 1800 to 1804, inclusive. 
Of the sixty-one persons who have occupied the Speak- 
er's chair of the two Houses since 1777, the following, 
we believe, only survive, to wit : John Branch, Bedford 
Brown, David F. Caldwell, William D. Mosely, Frede- 
rick Ts^ash, Bomulus M. Saunders, James Mebanc, 
Thomas Settle, Hugh Waddell, Burgess S. Gaither, 
Calvin Graves, Weldon N. Edwards, AVarren Winslow, 
AV. W. Avery, William A. Graham, Edward Stanly, 
Eobert B. Gilliam, James C. Dobbin, John Baxter, 
Samuel P. Hill, and Jesse G. Shepherd. 



120 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



lYTT 
1778 
1779 
1780 
1781 
1782 
1783 
1781 
1785 

1786 

1787 

1788 

1789 

1790 

1791 

1792 

1793 

1791 

1795 

1796 

1797 

1798 

1799 

1800 

1801 

1802 

1803 

1801 

1805 

1806 



Speakers of the Senate. 

Samuel Aslie, New Hanover County. 

Allen Jones, Northampton. 

Abner Nash. Craven, 

Alexander Martin Guilford. 

Alexander Martin, Guilford. 

Richard Caswell, Lenoir. 

Richard Caswell, Lenoir. 

Kichard Caswell, Lenoir. 

Hichard Caswell, Lenoir, and Alexander 

Martin, Guilford. 
James Coor, Craven, 
Alexander Martin, Guilford. 
Alexander Martin, Guilford. 
Charles Johnson, Chowan. 
William Lenoir, Wilkes. 
William Lenoir, AVilkes. 
AVilliam Lenoir, Wilkes. 
William Lenoir, Wilkes. 
William Lenoir, Wilkes. 
Benjamin Smith, Brunswick. 
Benjamin Smith, Brunswick. 
Benjamin Smith, Brunswick. 
Benjamin Smith, Brunswick. 
Benjamin Smith, Brunswick. 
Joseph Kid dick. Gates. 
Joseph Rid dick. Gates. 
Joseph Riddick, Gates. 
Joseph Riddick, Gates. 
Joseph Riddick, Gates. 
Alexander Martin, Rockingham. 
Joseph Riddick, Gates. 



CUllONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 



121 



1807 
1808 
1809 
1810 
1811 
1812 
1813 
1814- 
1815 
1816 
1817 
1818 
1819 
1820 
1821 
1822 
1823 

1821: 

1825 
1220 
1827 
1828 
1820 
1830 
1831 
1832 
1833 
1831 
1835 
1S3G 
1838 

181:0 

1842 



— i 



Joseph Hiddick, Gates. 
Joseph lliddick, Gates. 
Joseph KIddick, Gates. 
Joseph E-iddick, Gates. 
Joseph Hiddick, Gates. 
George Outlaw, Bertie. 
George Outlaw, Bertie. 
George Outlaw, Bertie. 
John Branch, Halifax. 
John Branch, Halifax. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell, 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Bartlett Yancey, Caswell. 
Jesse Speight, Greene. 
Bedford Brown, Caswell. 
David F. Caldwell, Eowan. 
David F. Caldwell, Rowan. 
William D. Mosely, Lenoir. 
AVilliani D. Mosely, Lenoir. 
William D. Mosely, Lenoir. 
William D. Mosely, Lenoir. 
Hugh Waddell, Orange. 

0, Andrew Joyner, Halifax. 

1, Andrew Joyner, Halifax. 

3, Louis D. Wilson, Edgcombe. 
G 



122 CHRONOLOGY OF NcntTH CAliOLINA. 

1844-5, Burgess S. Gaither, Burke. 

1846-7, Andrew Joiner, Halifax. 

1S18-9, Calvin Graves, Caswell. 

1850-1, Weldon N. Edwards, Warren. 

1852-3, Weldon I^T. Edwards, Warren. 

1854-5, Warren Winslow, Cumberland. 

1856-7, W. W. Averj, Burke. 



1777 
1778 
1779, 
1780 
1781 
1782 
1783 
1784 
1785 

1786 
1787 
1788 
1789 
1790 
1791 
1792, 
1793 
1794 
1795 
1796 
1797 
1798 



Speakeks of the House of Commons. 

Abner Nashe, of Newberne. 

Thomas Benburj, Chowan. 

Thomas Benbury, Chowan. 

Thomas Benbury, Chowan. 

Thomas Benbury, Chowan. 

Thomas Benbury, Chowan. 

Edward Starkey, Onslow. 

Thomas Benbury, Chowan. 

William Blount, Craven, and Hicliard Dobbs 

Speight, Craven. 
John B. Ashe, Halifax. 
John Sitgreaves, Craven. 
John Sitgreaves, Craven. 
Stephen Cabarrus, Edenton. 
Stephen Cabarrus, Edenton. 
Stephen Cabarrus, Edenton. 
Stephen Cabarrus, Edenton. 
John Leigh, Edgecombe. 
Timothy Bloodworth, 'New Hanover. 
John Leigh, Edgecombe. 
Mussendine Matthews, Iredell. 
Mussendine Matthews, Iredell. 
Mussendine Matthews, Iredell. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 123 

Mussencline Matthews, Iredell. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

Stephen Cabarrus, Chowan. 

John Moore, Lincoln. 

Joshua G. Wright, Wilmington. 

William Gaston, Newberne. 

Thomas Davis, Cumberland. 

William Hawkins, Granville. 

John Steele, Howan. 

William Miller, Warren, 

William Miller, Warren. 

Frederick Nash, Orange. 

John Craig, Orange. 

James Iredell, Edenton. 

James Iredell, Edenton. 

James Iredell, Edenton. 

Homulus M. Saunders, Caswell. 

Komulus M. Saunders, Caswell. 

James Mebane, Orange. 

John D. Jones, Wilmington. 

Alfred Moore, Brunswick. 

Alfred Moore, Brunswick. 

John Stanly, Newberne. 

John Stanly, Newbcrne, and James Iredell, 

Edenton. 
Thomas Settle, Hockingham. 
Thomas Settle Eockinghara. 
William J. Alexander, Mecklenburg. 
Charles Fisher, Ilowan. 



124 CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

1831, Charles Fisher, liowan. 
1882, Louis D. Henry, Fayetteville. 

1833, William J. Alexander, Mecklenburg. 

1834, William J. Alexander, Mecklenburg. 

1835, William H. Haywood, jr.. Wake. 
1836-7, William H. Haywood, jr., Wake. 
1838-9, William A. Graham, Orange. 
1810-1, William A. Graham, Orange. 
1812-3, Calvin Graves, Caswell. 
1811-5, Edward Stanly, Beaufort. 
1846-7, Edward Stanly, Beaufort. 
1848-9, Kobert B. Gilliam, Granville. 
1850-1, James C. Dobbin, Cumberland. 
1852-3, John Baxter, Henderson. 
1854-5, Samuel P. Hill, Caswell. 
1856-7, Jesse G. Shepherd, Cumberland. 



CTIKONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



125 



APPENDIX H. 

Attorney Generals of North Carolina. 



Niinics. 


From 


To 


Remarks. 


A\^aiglistill Avery 


1777 


1779 


Resigned. 


James Iredell 


1779 


1790 




Alfred Moore 


1790 


1791 




John Haywood 


1791 


1794 




Blake Baker 


1794 


1803 


Resigned. 


Henry Seawell 


1803 


1808 




John L. Taylor 


1808 


1808 




William Miller 


1808 


1810 




Hutchins G. Burton 


1810 


1816 


Resigned. 


"William Drew 


1816 


1825 


Resigned. 


James F. Taylor 


1825 


1828 


Died in office. 


K. M. Saunders 


1828 


1828 




Robert II. Jones 


1828 


1834 




John R. J. Daniel 


1834 


1840 




Hugh McQueen 


1840 


1842 




Spier AVhitaker 


1842 


1847 




Edward Stanly 


1847 


1848 




B. F. Moore 


1848 


1851 




AYilliam Eaton, jr 


1851 


1852 




Matthew Ransom 


1852 


1855 




Joseph Batchelor 


1855 


1857 




William A. Jenkins 


1857 




Kow in office. 



APPENDIX I. 
Secretaries of State of North Carolina. 



Xoraes. 


From 

1777 

1778 
1811 

1857 


To 


Remarks. 


James GlaP2:ow 
William White 
AVilliam Hill 
Rufus II. Page 


1778 
1811 

1857 


Now in office. 



126 



CHRONOLOGY OF NOKTH CAROLINA. 



APPENDIX J. 

Treasurers of the State of E'orth Carolina. 



Names. 



Picliard Caswell 
Samuel Johnston 
Memucan Hunt 
Jolm Haywood 
William S. Robards 
Robert H. Burton 
William S. Mlioon 
Samuel F. Patterson 
Daniel W. Courts 
Charles L. Hinton 
John H. Wheeler 
Chas. L. Hinton, again 
Danl. W. Courts, again 



From 


To 


1776 


1777 
1 


1777 


1787 


1787 


1827 


1827 


1830 


1830 


1830 


1830 


1835 


1835 


1837 


1837 


1839 


1839 


1843 


1843 


1845 


1845 


1851 


1851 





Remarks. 



IMTow in office. 



APPEN^DIX K. 

Comptrollers of the Statk of IS^orth Carolina, 



Names. 


From 


To 


Remarks. 


John Craven 


1783 


1808 




Samuel Goodwin 


1808 


1825 




Joseph Hawkins 


1825 


1827 




John L. Henderson 


1827 


1827 




James Grant . 


1827 


1834 




Nathan S ted man 


1834 


1836 




William F. Collins . 


1836 


1851 




William J. Clark . 


1851 


1855 




George W. Brooks . 


1855 


1857 




Curtis H. Brogden 


1857 




jSTow in office. 



CMPwONOLOGY OF NORTR CAROLINA. 



12' 



APPENDIX L. 



Membek:^ FiioM North Carolina to the Continental 

CoNGRKSS BEFORE THE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION. 



Xames. 


From 


To 


AsliG, John B. .... 


1787 


1788 


Blood worth 5 Timothy 


1786 


1787 


Blount, William . . . . | 


1782 


1783 


1786 


1787 


Burke, Thomas .... 


1777 


1781 


Burton, Robert .... 


1787 


1788 


Caswell, Ricliarcl .... 


1774 


1776^ 


Cumming, William 


1784 


1784 


Harnett, Cornelius 


1777 


1780 


Hawkins, Benjamin . . .] 


1781 

1786 


1784 

1787 


Hewes, Joseph . . , .J 


1774 

1779 


1777 
1780 


Hill, Whitmel ... 


1778 


1781 


Hooper, William .... 


1774 


1777 


Johnston, Samuel 


1780 


1782 


Jones, Allen .... 


1779 


1780 


Jones, Willie .... 


1780 


1781 


Nash, Abner . . . . i 


1782 


1784 


1785 


1786 


Penn, John . . . . i 


1775 


1776 


1777 


1780 


Sitgreaves, John .... 


1784 


1785 


Sharpc, William .... 


1779 


1782 


Spaiglit, Itichard D. . . 


1783 


1785 


Swan, John .... 


1787 


1788 


Williams, John .... 


1778 


1779 


Williamson, Hugh . . . ) 


1782 


1785 


1787 


1788 


White, Alexander 


1786 


1788 



128 



CHKONOLOGY OF NORTM CAROLINA. 



APPENDIX M. 

Members fromI^okth Cakoltna to the United States 
Senate since the Adoption of the Constitution. 



Names. 


From 


To 


Badger, George E. ... 


1816 


1855 


Biggs, Asa 


1855 


1858 


Bloodworth, Timothy 


1795 


1801 


Branch, John .... 


1823 


1829 


Brown, Bedford .... 


1829 


1841 


Franklin, Jesse 


1799 

1807 


1805 
1813 


Graham, William A. . . . 


1811 


1843 


Hawkins, B. .... 


1789 


1795 


Ha^^wood, W. H. ... 


1813 


1846 


Iredell, James .... 


1828 


1831 


Johnston, Samuel .... 


1789 


1793 


Locke, Francis .... 


1814 


1815 


Macon, Nathaniel .... 


1815 


1828 


( 


1831 


1837 


Mangum, VV. P. . . . ■{ 


1841 


1847 


I 


1848 


1853 


Martin, Alexander 


1793 


1799 


Eeid, David S 


1855 


-'^ 


Stokes, Montfort .... 


1816 


1823 


Stone, David ... ] 


1801 
1813 


1807 
1814 


Strange, Robert .... 


1837 


1841 


Turner, James .... 


1805 


1816 


Thomas L. Cliiigmaii, 


1858t| 





* Now in ofSce, 1858. 

f Now in office, by appointment of the Governor. 



CHKONOLOGY OF NOKTtI CAROLINA. 



129 



APPENDIX N. 



Members from North Carolina to the IIuuse of 

K EPRKSKNTATIVES OF THE UnITED StATES SINCE THE 

Adoption of the Constitution. 



Names, 


From 


To 


Alexander, Evan .... 


1805 


1809 


Alexander, Nathaniel 


1803 


1805 


Alston, AVillis .... 


1799 


1803 


Alston, Willis, jr. ... \ 


1803 
1825 


1815 
1831 


Arrington, A. H 


1811 


1815 


Ashe, John B. .... 


1790 


1793 


Ashe, W. S. .... 


1819 


1853 


Biggs, Asa 


1815 


1817 


Barringer, D. L 


1826 


1835 


Barringer, D. M 


1813 


1819 


Bethune, L 


1831 


1833 


. 


1803 


1809 


Blackledge, ^Y. S. .... 


1811 


1813 


) 


1821 


1823 


Bloodworth, Timothy 


1790 


1791 


( 


1793 


1799 


Blount, Thomas . . . . •< 


1805 


1809 


1 


1811 


1812 


Brancli, John .... 


1831 


1833 


Branch, L. O'B 


1855 


1858 


Bryan, Nathan .... 


1795 


1798 


Bryan, John 11 


1825 


1829 


Bryan, Josepli 11 


1815 


1819 


Burgess, Dempsey 


1795 


1798 


Burton, II. G. ' . 


1819 


1824 


Bynum, J. A. 


1833 


1841 


Boyden, Natlianiel 


1817 


1819 


Caldwell, Green W. 


1811 


1813 



130 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 

APPENDIX 1^.— {Continued.) 



Names. 


From 


To 


Caldwell, Joseph P. . . . 


1849 


1851 


Carson, S. P. .... 


1825 


1833 


Clark, James W 


1815 


1817 


Clark, Henry S 


1845 


1847 


Cocaran, James .... 


1809 


1813 


Conner, H. W 


1821 


1841 


Craige, Burton S. ... 


1853 


1858 


Crudup, Josiah .... 


1821 


1823 


/^ 


1807 


1809 


Culpepper, John 


1813 
1819 


1817 
1821 




1823 


1825 


Clingman, T. L ■ 


1843 

1847 


1845 

1858 


Daniel, J. R. J 


1841 


1853 


Davidson, William 


1818 


1821 


Dawson, W. G 


1793 


1795 


Dobbin, J. C 


1845 


1847 


( 


1829 


1831 


Deberry, Edmund . 


1833 


1845 




1849 


1851 


Dockery, Alfred . . . . ■< 


1845 
1851 


1847 
1853 


Dickens, Samuel .... 


1816 


1817 


Donnel, R. S 


1847 


1849 


Dixon, Joseph .... 


1799 


1801 


Dudley, E. B 


1829 


1831 


Edwards, W. E" 


1816 


1827 


Fisher, Charles 


1819 
1839 


1821 
1841 


Forney, D. M 


1815 


1818 


Forney, Peter .... 


1813 


1815 


Franklin, Jesse .... 


1795 


1797 


Franklin, Meshack 


1807 


1815 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



131 



APPEIS'DIX ^.—{Continued). 




Names. 




From 


To 


Gaston, Williiiin 




1813 


1817 


Gatlin, Alfred M. 




1823 


1825 


Gillespie, James 


■ ^1 


1793 

1803 


1799 
1805 


Gilmer, John A. 




1857 


1858 


Graham, James 


■ -1 


1833 
1845 


1843 

1847 


Grove, William B. 




1791 


1803 


Hall, Thomas II. 


: :' 


1817 

1827 


1825 
1835 


Hawldns, M. T. 




1831 


1841 


Henderson, Arch. 




1799 


1803 


Hill, John . 




1839 


1841 


Hill, William H. . 




1799 


1803 


Hines, Kichard 




1825 


1827 


IlollancI, James 


: :* 


1795 

1801 


1797 
1811 


Holmes, Gabriel 




1825 


1829 


Hooks, Charles 


■ ■( 


1816 
1819 


1817 

1825 


Johnson, Charles 




1801 


1802 


Kenan, Thomas 




1805 


1811 




"( 


1803 


1805 


Kennedy, William 


• •] 


1809 


1811 






1812 


1815 


Kerr, John 


\ 


1853 


1855 


King, AVilliam R. . 




1811 


1816 


Lock, Matthew 




1793 


1799 


Long, John . 




1821 


1829 


Love, William C. . 




1815 


1817 


Macon, Nathaniel . 




1791 


1805 


Man gum, W. P. 




1823 


1826 


McBridc, Arch. 




1809 1 


1813 



132 



CHKUNOLUGY OF KnUlJI CAicOLIX'A, 



APPENDIX N. {fionti 


nu 


ed). 




Names. 


From 1 

1 


To 


McDowell, James . 




\ 


1793 

1797 


1795 

1799 


McFarland, Duncan 






1805 ' 


1807 


McKa}", James J. 






1831 


1849 


McKeil, Arch. 




1 


1821 

1825 


1823 
1827 


Mebane, Alexander 






1793 


1794 


Mitchell, Anderson 






1842 


1843 


Montgomery, William . 






1835 


1841 


Montfort, George 






1817 


1819 


Morehead, J. T. 






1851 


1853 


Murfree, W. II. 








1813 


1817 


1 Outlaw, George 








1824 


1828 


! Outlaw, David 








1847 


1857 


j Owen, James 








1817 


1819 


1 Paine, R. T.^ 








1855 


3 857 


1 Pettigrew, E. 








1835 


1837 


Pearson, Joseph 








1809 


1815 


Pickens, Israel 








1811 


1817 


Potter, Robert 








1829 


1831 


Purviance, S. D. 








1803 


1805 


Puryear, R. C. 








1853 


1857 


Rayner, Kenneth 








1839 


1845 


Read, E. G. 








1855 


1857 


Reid, David S. 








1843 


1847 


Rencher, Abraham 






1829 
1841 


1839 
1843 


Rogers, Sion PL 






1853 


1855 


Ruffin, Thomas 






1853 


1858 


Saunders. R. M. 


i 
f 


1821 
1841 


1827 
1845 


( 


1807 


1813 


Sawyer, Lemuel . . . . •< 


1817 


1823 


1 


1825 


1829 



CHKONOr-(.)OY OF NOUTII CAROLINA. 



133 



APPENDIX ^.—{Continued). 



Xixmes. 


From 


To 


Sawyer, S. T 


1837 


1839 


Scales, A. M. jun. 


1857 


1858 


Settle, Thomas .... 


1817 


1821 


Sevier, John .... 


1790 


1791 


Shad wick, William 


1796 


1797 


Shaw, Henry i\r. . 


1853 


1858 


Shepard, C. B 


1837 


1811 


Shepard, AV. B 


1827 


1837 




1829 


1839 


Shepard, A. IT \ 


1811 


1813 




1817 


1851 


Smith, James S 


1817 


1821 


Slocumb, Jesse .... 


1817 


1821 


Spaight,E. D 


1798 


1801 


Spaio^lit, R. D. iun. 


1823 


1825 


Speight, Jesse .... 


1827 


1837 


Stanford, Richard 


1797 


1816 


Stanly, John . . . . •! 


1801 
1809 


1803 
1811 


Stanl}^, Edward . . . . •! 


1837 
1819 


1813 

1853 


Steele, John .... 


1790 


1793 


Stone, David .... 


1799 


1801 


Stuart, James .... 


1818 


1819 


Tatum, Abs. - .... 


1795 


1796 


Turner, Daniel .... 


1827 


1829 


Yance, R. B 


1823 


1825 


Vance, Z. B. .... 


1858 


1859 


Yenable, A. W 


1817 


1853 


Walker, Felix . ... 


1817 


1823 


Wasliington, W. \l. . . . 


1811 


1813 


Williams, Benjamin 


1793 


1795 



131 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



APPENDIX 'E.—{Co7itinued), 



Names. 


From 


To 


Williams, Lewis 


1815 


1812 


Williams, Ivlarmaduke . 


1803 


1809 


Williams, Robert 


1797 


1803 


Williamson, Hugh 


1790 


1793 


Winston, Joseph . . . . ] 


1793 

1803 


1795 

1807 


Winslow, Warren . . . 


1855 


1858 


Wynns, Thomas .... 


1802 


1807 


Yancey, Bartlett .... 


1813 


1 Q17 
■" 1 



CHFwONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



135 









^j^o ^-^S < < ^ ^ B ^ -■ ^ -2 B B ^ 




P3 


Williams, 
lel Ashe, 
lel Spencer, 
ce McKay, 

Haywood, 
;d Moore, 

Louis Tavl 
lel Johnstoi 

Hall, 

cis Locke, 
d Stone, 
d Stone, ag 
lel Lowrie, 
e Baker, 
e Baker, ag 
ard Hendei 
iia G. AVrig 




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CO 


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Q 






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^ KA 


•-3 


C/J 


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•^ 


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(_ai_ii— I)— i.1— i(__i|_i|_i|_i|_L)_i|_a.l__i(_a^_i|_a|_i. 




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cted Go 
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igned. 

1755. 

Appen* 
igned. 

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igned. 
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d in offi 




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136 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 













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r^ ^ S^ ^ ooicQ ;3 c2 




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S .£0?a ... S .^ .. .^^ .... s 










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lo" ^ ^ ^ on' 


Ph 
<1 




July 5 

Feb. 

July 1 
March 
March 

March 
Mayl; 










03 

a 


1 

Henry Seawell, 
Henry Seawell, a, 
Henry Seawell, a 
Edward Harris, 
Duncan Cameron 
Thomas Puffin, 
Thomas Puffin, «< 
Joseph J. Daniel, 
Eobert H. Bur tor 
John Paxton, 
John D. Toomer, 
John D. Toomer, 
Frederick ISTash, 
Frederick Nash, 
Archibald D. Mu 
James Iredell, 
John E. Donnel, 
Willie P. Mangn 
W. P. Man gum. 











CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



137 



Elected to U. S. Senate. 

Resigned. 

Resigned. 

Elected to U. S. Senate. 

Resigned. 

Elected Governor. 

Resigned. 

Resigned. 

Commission expired. 

Now in office, 1858. 

Now in office, 1858. 

See Appendix F. 

Now in office, 1858. 

Now in office, 1858. 

Resigned. 

See Appendix F. 

See Appendix F. 

Resigned, 1858.* 

Now in office, 1858. 

Resigned, 1858.* 


OOidCOiOCI^OTH CO GOCOC^ 
CO CO <M Ot) CO Ot) >0 -+1 "+( -^ '^'+(10 

coaDcoaDoDcOGOGOoo oo coc/dco 

tHt— trHr-lTHrHT— ti— It— 1 i-H ,_|^^_( 


COOO'tOOOOIiOOO'X'CO'^OOOOCiaDCM^ 
^1 C-l CM Ol CT CO CO CO •* CO CO CO -^ -tH 'tH -+I -H -r+i i^ O 
r/)C»r/DCOC/DCOCOCOCO(X)00(X)C/DGOOOGOa)OOOOCO 
THTH1-HrH^-HT-^THTHTH■I-^■r^T— ti—H-rHr-lr-lTHr- It— ItH 

tH 

to ^ 

< ^ 


i W. p. !Mangum, cujain^ 
William Norwood, 
George E. Badger, 
Robert Srrange, 
James Martin, 
David L. Swain, 
Thomas Settle. 
Romulus M. Saunders, 
Edward Hall, 
John M. Dick, 
John L. Baily, 
Richmond M. Pearson, 
David F. Caldwell, 
Matthias E. Manly, 
Augustus Moore, 
Win. II. Battle, 
Wm. 11. Battle, again^ 
John AY. Ellis, 
R. M. Saunders, again^ 
Samuel J. Person, 



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pi 



138 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 



APPENDIX P. 

PUBLICATIONS IN NORTH CAROLINA, 1S5S. 



Titles of Publication^. 


Published at 


Conducted by 


Annals of Southern Methodism, 


Wilmington, 


Chas. F, Deems. 


American Advocate, 


Kinston, 




Asheville Spectatoi^, 


Asheville, 


Henry E. Colton. 


Asheviile News, 


u 


T. W. Atkin. 


Biblical Recorder, 


Raleigh, 


J. J. James. 


Beaufort Journal, 


Beaufort, 


John Nichols. 


Chapel Hill Gazette, 


Chapel Hill, 


Jas. M. Henderson. 


Carolina Baptist, 


Hendersonville, 


W. A. G. Brown. 


Citizen, 


Murfreesboro', 


S. J. Wheeler. 


Clinton Independent, 


Clinton, 


E. L. Perkins. 


Carolina Watchman, 


Salisbury, 


J. J. Bruner. 


Democrat, 


Madison, 




Daily Progress, 


Newberne, 


J. L. Pennington. 


Fayetteville Observer, 


Fayetteville, 


E. J. Hale & Son. 


" Carolinian, 


a 




Giraffe, 


Raleigh, 


R. H. Whitaker. 


Greensboro' Patriot, 


Greensboro', 


Sherwood & Long. 


Goldsboro' 


Goldsboro', 




" Tribune, 


(( 


W. Robinson. 


Herald of Truth, 


Hendersonville, 


Wm. Hicks. 


Hillsboro' Recorder, 


Hillsboro', 


Dennis Heartt. 


Iredell Express, 


Statesville, 


E. B. Drake. 


Jonesville Enterprise, 


Jonesville, 


G. M. Bacon. 


Leisure Hour, 


Oxford, 


T. B. Kingsburv. 


Milton Chronicle, 


Yanceyville, 


C. N. B. Evans,' 


N. C. Standard, 


Raleigh, 


Holden & Wilson. 


" Journal of Education, 


Greensboro', 


W. D. Campbell. 


" Presbyterian, 


Fayetteville, 


McNeill & Miller. 


" Whig, 


Charlotte, 


T. J. Holton. 


" Almanac, 


Raleigh, 


H. D. Turner. 


" Christian Advocate, 


u 


R. T. Hefliu. 


" Planter, 


Raleigh, 


A. M. Gorman. 


" Statist, 


(( 


Quent. Busbee. 


Newberne Express, 


Newberne, 


C. G. Davenporte. 


" Gazette, 


u 


T. R. Murray. 


People's Press, 


Salem, 


Bluinm & Sou, 


Pioneer, 


Elizabeth City, 




Primitive Baptist, 


Wake County, 


Rev. Temple. 


Raleigh Register, 


Raleigh, 


J. W. Syme. 


Republican Banner, 


Salisbury, 


J. M. Newson. 


Rutherford Enquirer, 


Rutherfordton, 


G, W. Logan. 


Salem Almanac, 


Salem, 


Blumm k Son. 


Spirit of the Age, 


Raleigh, 


A. M. Gorman. 



CHRONOLOGY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 
PUBLIC ATIOXS.—( (7ow<e««eJ.) 



139 



Titles of Publications. 


Published at 


Conducted by 


Southerner, 


Tarboro', 




The Times, 


Greensboro', 


Cole & Albright. 


The New Era, 


Newberne, 


Muse & Davies. 


The Medical Journal, 


i( 


Dr. J. G. Trull. 


University Maj^azine, 


Chapel Hill, 


Students. 


Washington Dispatch, 


Washington, 


R. Grainger. 


Washington Times, 


(( 


W. Eborne. 


Weldon Patriot, 


Weldon, 


W. W. Daniel & Co. 


Weekly Message, 


Greensboro', 


Mrs. Bumpass. 


Western Sentinel, 


Winston, 


Alspaugh & Bonner, 


Wilmington Journal, 


Wilmington, 


Fulton & Price, 


Herald, 


(1 


C. E. & R. Burr. 


Warrenton News, 


Warrenton, 




Wilson Ledger, 


Wilson, 


A. D. Tumbro. 


Western Democrat, 


Charlotte, 


W. J. Yeates. 


Weekly Express, 


Newberne, 


C. G. Davenporte. 



N.B. — There are perhaps others ; but their editors failing to respond, 
as well as some of the above, the list is as perfect as it could be made in 
time. Pub. 



INDEX. 



{The figures refer to the dates in the body of the woi'lc.) 



Adams, John, 1826. 
Adams, J. Q., 1767, 1848. 
Alamance, battle of, 1771. 
Alexander, Mrs. S., 1856. 
Alston, K M., 1856. 
Alston, Willis, 1837. 
Ami das and Barlow, 1584. 
Badger, G. E., 1795. 
Baily, J. L., 1795. 
Baker, Blake, 1818. 
Ballard, K, 1834. 
Barringer, J. P., 1778, 

1807. 
Battle, Elislia, 1723, 1799. 
Bis^ors, Asa, 1811. 
Boyden, Nath., 1796. 
Branch, John, 1782. 
Bragg, Thos., 1810. 
Brooks, Preston S., 1857. 
Browder, P., 1824, 1854. 
Brown, Bedford, 1795. 
Brunswick, town of, 1761. 
Buchanan, Jas., 1791. 
Burgwin, J. H. K, 1847. 
Burke, Gov., 1783. 
Burrington, George, 1724, 

1731. 
Burton, H. G., 1836. 



Caldwell, D., 1725, 1824. 
Caldwell, J., 1773, 1835. 
Caldwell, D. P., 1792. 
Caldwell, G. W., 1811. 
Calhoun, J. C, 1850. 
Camden, battle of, 1780. 
Campbell, T.' J., 1809. 
Cameron, J. A., 1838. 
Carrington, K M., 1855. 
Caswell, Kichard, 1729. 
Chang and Eng, 1811. 
Charleston, S. C, 1680, 

1780. 
Charter of Charles IL, 1663, 

1729. 
Cherry, W. W. 1845. 
Church, the first in ]^. C, 

1705. 
Commission of Gen. Was'h- 

ington, 1775. 
Congress, the Continental, 

1774. 
Congress, Provincial, of E^. 

C!, 1775, 1776. 
Constitution of N^. C, 1 

1835. 
Constitution, federal, 1788, 

1789. 



776, 



INDEX. 



141 



CornwalHs, 1738, 1805. 
Courts, D. W., 1800. 
Cowpens, battle of, 1781. 
Cox, Mrs. Serena, 1856. 
Craiii:, Burton, 1811. 
Crocker, M. D., 1848. 
Croom, JI. B., 1837. 
Daniel, J. J., 1848. 
Daniel, Beverly, 1840. 
Davidson, Wm., 1781. 
Davie, Wm. R., 1756. 
Davis, James, 1749. 
Deberrv, Edmund, 1787. 
Deems," C. F., 1820. 
Dobbs, Arthur, 1754, 1765. 
Dockery, Alfred, 1797. 
Drummond,AY'm., 1663. 
Eccles, J. D., 1856. 
Edney, Be v. Samuel, 1825. 
Eden, P., 1716, 1722. 
Eden, Charles, 1713, 1722. 
Election, Fresidential,1789. 
Ellis, J. AY., 1820. 
Elizabeth, Queen, 1603. 
Eutaw, battle of, 1781. 
Everhard, Richard, 1725. 
Everitt, S. B., 1791, 1855. 
Fillmore, Millard, 1800. 
Finch, J. J., 1814, 1850. 
Fisher, Chas., 1789, 1849. 
Foreman, Joshua, 1849. 
Fox, Geo., 1672, 1681. 
Freeman, E. E., 1820, 1854. 
Gales, Joseph, 1842. 
Gaston, Wm., 1778, 1844. 
Gaston, Alexander, 1781. 
Germantown, l>at(]e of, 
1777. 



George IIL, 1760, 1761. 
George IV., 1762. 
Graham, George, 1826. 
Graham, W. A., 1804. 
Grant, James, 1791, 1834. 
Green, Nathaniel, 1786. 
Grist, Frederick, 1811. 
Guilford, battle of, 1781. 
Hall, John, 1833. 
Harris, C, 1762, 1825. 
Harrison,W.H., 1773, 1841. 
Hassel, James, 1771. 
Hawkins, B., 1754, 1816. 
Haywood, S., 1824. 
Henderson, Bichard, 1735. 
Henderson, P., 1756, 1842. 
Henderson, A., 1768, 1822. 
Henderson, L., 1833. 
Henry, L. D., 1788, 1846. 
Hill, Whitmel, 1743, 1797. 
Hill, William, 1773, 1857. 
Hooper, Wm., 1742, 1790. 
Holden, W. W., 1850. 
Holmes, Owen, 1841. 
Hoskins, Charles, 1846, 
Howe, Ilobert, 1776. 
Hunter, II., 1755, 1827. 
Hughes, Joseph, 1779. 
Hyde, Gov., 1712. 
Independence, 1776. 
Insurrection among slaves, 

1775, 1831. 
Iredell, J., 1750, 1799. 
Iredell, J., Jr., 1788. 
Jackson, A., 1767, 1845. 
James I., 1618. 
Jefferson, Thomas, 1743, 

1775, 1826. 



142 



INDEX. 



Jenkins, Gov^, 1680. 
James, A. A., 1855. 
Jones, Edward, 1842. 
Johnston, G., 1734, 1752. 
Johnston, Fort, 1744, 1775. 
Kenan, Thomas, 1843. 
Kings Mountain, battle of, 

1780. 
Leigh, H. G., 1793, 1853. 
Lennon, Dennis, 1842. 
Lenoir, Wm., 1751. 
Lexington, battle of, 1775. 
Lillington, Geo., 1704. 
Lincohi, Benj., 1733, 1810. 
Locke, Matthew, 1801. 
Locke, Francis, 1766. 
Lowrie, S., 1756, 1818, 
Ludwell, Gov., 1693. 
Macon, K, 1757, 1837. 
Madison, James, 1751. 
Mangum, W. P., 1792. 
Marion, F., 1732, 1795. 
Martin, F. X., 1762, 1846. 
Martin, Josiah, 1771, 1776. 
Martin, Alexander, 1807. 
Mathis, Samuel, 1823. 
McDowell, Charles, 1815. 
McDonald, Flora, 1790. 
McDowell, Joseph, 1758. 
McFarland, J., 1813, 1854. 
McKay, Spruce, 1808. 
McKay, J. J., 1793. 
McPheeters, Wm., 1778, 

1842. 
Massacre in IST. C, 1711. 
Mebane, Alexander, 1767. 
Mecklenburg Declaration, 

1775. 



Mills, Wm. 1766. 
Monroe, James, 1831. 
Montgomery, Wm., 1844, 
Moore, Alfred, Sen. 
Moore's Creek, battle of, 

1776. 
Moore, Maurice, 1777. 
Moore, Alfred, Jr., 1837. 
Moore, Augustus, 1851. 
Mordecai, Moses, 1785. 
Morecock, Edward, 1856. 
Morehead, J. M., 1798. 
Morgan, Daniel, 1802. 
Mosely, Madame Anne, 

1704, 1712. 
Nash, Frederick, 1781. 
Nash, Francis, 1777. 
Nelson, W.'M., 1856. 
Newspaper, first in N. C, 

1764. 
New inlet, 1761. 
Newberne, N. C, 1709. 
Outlaw, Edward, 1856. 
Owen, John, 1787. 
Owen, James, 1784. 
Paine, K. T., 1812. 
Parks, W. J., 1856. 
Patton, Samuel, 1854. 
Pearson, Joseph, 1834. 
Pearce, Mrs. F., 1856. 
Penn, John, 1741, 1788. 
Pierce, Franklin, 1804. 
Pitt, William, 1778. 
Pollock, Gov., 1722. 
Pollock, Geo., 1837. 
Polk, Wm., 1834. 
Polk, J. K., 1849. 
Phifer, John, 1845. 



INT)K\'. 



143 



Potter, Samuel, 1847. 
Enlei^i^li, Sir W., 1618. 
llaleii>:lij city of, 1788, 

1831. 
Itani:^onrs Mill, battle oT, 

1780. 
Keade, E. G., 1813. 
Reid, D. S., 1813. 
Eex, Jolni, 1839. 
Rice, Nathaniel, 1734. 
Rieclits, Declaration of, 

1776. 
Eobards, Wm., 1842. 
Rogers, R. 11., 1847. 
Rowan, ]\[attlie\v, 1754. 
Riiffin, Thomas, 1786. 
Ruffin, Tliomas, Jr., 1820. 
Saunders, R. M., 1791. 
Seawell, II., 1772, 1835. 
Selby, B. M., 1794, 1856. 
Sevier, Jolm, 1815. 
Sharpe, Wm., 1742. 
Shepard, C. B., 1807, 1843. 
Shelby, L, 1750, 1826. 
Sitgreaves, John, 1800. 
Smith, Isaac, 1834. 
Sothel, Seth, 1683. 
Spaii-ht, R. D., 1796, 1850. 
Speight, Jesse, 1795, 1847. 
Spencer, Samuel, 1794. 
Stamp Act, 1765, 1766. 
Stanly, John, 1834. 
Steele, John, 1764, 1815. 
Steele, Mrs. E., 1790. 
Strange, R., 1796, 1854. 
Stone, David, 1770, 1S18. 
Swain, D. L., 1801. 
Tarleton, Gen., 1754, 1833. 



Taylor, Gen. Z., 1784, 1850. 
Tnjlor, J. F., 1791, 1828. 
Taylor, J. L., 1829. 
Tennessee ceded. 1790. 
Toomer, J. D., 1856. 
Treaty of Peace, 1783. 
Tryon, Wm., 1765, 1770, 

1771. 
Turner, Daniel, 1796. 
Turner, James, 1824. 
Tyler, John, 1790. 
University of N. C, 1789, 

1795. 
Van Buren, Martin, 1782. 
Tenable, A. W., 1799. 
Wait, Samuel, 1834. 
Walker, Henderson, 1704. 
Warren, Gen., 1775. 
Washington, Gen. Geokgk, 

1732, 1783, 1789, 1799. 
Wayne, Anthony, 1796. 
Wheeden, J. J., 1848. 
Wheeler, John, 1832. 
Wheeler, John IL, 1806. 
White, II. L., 1773, 1840. 
Wilkinson, Gov., 1681. 
William lY., 1765. 
Williams, M., 1772, 1850. 
Williams, John, 1799. 
AYilliams, Robert, 1842. 
Williamson, Lewis, 1842. 
Williamson, J. G. A., 1842. 
Williamson, Hugh, 1735, 

1819. 
Wilson, L. D., 1789, 1847. 
Winslow, Warren, 1810. 
Wright, J. G., 1811. 
Yorktown, battle of, 1781. 



APPENDIX TO INDEX. 



— 4«^- 



S wain 5 George, 

Erwin, Andrew, Col. 

Newton, George, Rev. 

Warm Springs, 

The Black Mountain, 

" Buncombe Men," — 

D. L. Swain, Samuel Edney, Philip Brittain, 
John Clayton, James Askew, James Johnson, 
Humphrey Posey, James M. Smith, J. Bar- 
nett, B. and Z. Baird, Benj. Davidson, Thos. 
Foster, James M. Alexander, John Johnson, 
James Lowery, James Patton, James Gudger, 
George Jones, John Patton, John "Wood fin, 
John Miller, Thomas Case, 

Mitchell, Elisha, D.D 



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" AsHEViLLE Messenger." — All the articles from this paper were 
written by James M. Edney ; the one on the " Black Mountain" in 1851, 
instead of 185Y, as quoted. 







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